实用英语写作的技巧 (第20单元)
<p>第二十单元 推展段落方法混合方法</p><p>20.1 混合方法(<span word="Mixed">Mixed</span> <span word="Patterns">Patterns</span>)</p><p>到目前为止，我们讨论了九种推展段落方法1)事实数据法(<span word="facts">facts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="statistics">statistics</span>);2)叙述法(<span word="narration">narration</span>);3)描述法(<span word="description">description</span>);4)过程分析法(<span word="process">process</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span>);5)定义法(<span word="definition">definition</span>);6)举例法(<span word="examples">examples</span>);7)比较对比法(<span word="comparison">comparison</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>);8)分类法(<span word="division">division</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="classification">classification</span>);9)因果法(<span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="effect">effect</span>)。我们还讨论了四种组织段落的方法：1)时间顺序法(<span word="time">time</span> <span word="order">order</span>);2)空间顺序法(<span word="space">space</span> <span word="order">order</span>);3)重要性顺序法(<span word="order">order</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="importance">importance</span>);4)熟悉度顺序法(<span word="order">order</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="familiarity">familiarity</span>)。此外，我们还谈及一个好的段落的三个特征：1)完整性(<span word="completeness">completeness</span>);2)统一性(<span word="unity">unity</span>);3)连贯性(<span word="coherence">coherence</span>)。</p><p>我们在前面各单元的示范段落中已经发现，极少段落是仅用一种推展方法的。作者常常在段落中使用一种方法作为支配方法(<span word="dominant">dominant</span> <span word="method">method</span>)，另外一种或数种作为辅助方法(<span word="supporting">supporting</span> <span word="method">method</span>)。</p><p>示范段落20-1</p><p><span word="Mans">Mans</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="odd">odd</span> <span word="ways">ways</span>.<span word="One">One</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="oddest">oddest</span> <span word="incidents">incidents</span> <span word="occurred">occurred</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="January">January</span> 16，1900.<span word="An">An</span> <span word="angry">angry</span> <span word="workman">workman</span> <span word="broke">broke</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crocodile">crocodile</span> <span word="mummy">mummy</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="pieces">pieces</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="wassurprised">wassurprised</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mummy">mummy</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="wrapped">wrapped</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sheets">sheets</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="papyrus">papyrus</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="reed">reed</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="Egypt">Egypt</span>.<span word="And">And</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="papyrus">papyrus</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="writing">writing</span>.</p><p>20.2示范段落分析</p><p>主题句：<span word="Mans">Mans</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="odd">odd</span> <span word="ways">ways</span>.</p>
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