医学写作结构表示法
<p>要求：学会对人体各系统、器官、组织和细胞结构的描述。</p><p>本章要点：</p><p>1.表达人体结构的常用动词句型：</p><p>1)<span word="consist">consist</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="be">be</span> <span word="composed">composed</span> <span word="of">of</span> 这三个动词短语，虽然都表示由构成的意思，但 <span word="consist">consist</span> <span word="of">of</span> 多用于提到所有参与构成的成分时;而 <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="of">of</span> 则多用于细分一种结构或该结构的某一部分时;<span word="be">be</span> <span word="composed">composed</span> <span word="of">of</span> 常用于提到构成某一结构的材料时，或用于参与构成的部分没有数量限制时。</p><p>例：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="respiratory">respiratory</span> <span word="tract">tract</span> <span word="consists">consists</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mouth">mouth</span>, <span word="nose">nose</span>, <span word="pharynx">pharynx</span>, <span word="trachea">trachea</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lung">lung</span>. 呼吸道由口、鼻、咽、气管和肺构成。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="intestines">intestines</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="intestine">intestine</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="intestine">intestine</span>.肠道由小肠和大肠组成。</p><p><span word="Tissue">Tissue</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="composed">composed</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>.组织是由细胞组成的。</p><p>2)<span word="make">make</span> <span word="up">up</span>; <span word="compose">compose</span> 表示哪些部分组成了某个结构。</p><p>例：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="forebrain">forebrain</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="midbrain">midbrain</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hindbrain">hindbrain</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>. 前脑、中脑和后脑组成了大脑。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="pons">pons</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cerebellum">cerebellum</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="medulla">medulla</span> <span word="oblongata">oblongata</span> <span word="composed">composed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hindbrain">hindbrain</span>. 脑桥、小脑和延髓组成了后脑。</p><p>3)<span word="be">be</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="with">with</span> 和 <span word="contain">contain</span>都表示某结构内含有什么或充满了什么。但，前者与不可数名词(物质名词)连用，而后者则与可数名词连用。</p><p>例：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="tissue">tissue</span> <span word="space">space</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="tissue">tissue</span> <span word="fluid">fluid</span>.组织间隙充满了组织液.</p>
页:
[1]