学术文章写作的注意要点（二）
<p>例如：<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span>? <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="totally">totally</span> <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="separates">separates</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="world">world</span>, <span word="for">for</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="think">think</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="disturbed">disturbed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="suggestion">suggestion</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p><p>这是某一篇文章的开头。我们现在只是分析语法问题。作者除了要注意不要使用疑问句以外，还有很重要的一点：总共两三句话，出现4个<span word="Be">Be</span>动词。这种写法，在英语里面被称作<span word="non">non</span>-<span word="act">act</span>的动词。<span word="Be">Be</span> 仅仅表示一种状态，例如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="here">here</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="there">there</span>。对于母语者来说，<span word="Be">Be</span>动词其实就是写在纸上，而没有任何感情色彩。所以应该尽量避免成篇累牍地使用。我们的例子可以改为：</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="lies">lies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="strength">strength</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="creating">creating</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="totally">totally</span> <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="separated">separated</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="world">world</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="excluding">excluding</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="disturbance">disturbance</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="suggestion">suggestion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="harm">harm</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p><p>我们可以看到，使用了<span word="lie">lie</span> <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="exclude">exclude</span>, <span word="do">do</span> <span word="harm">harm</span> <span word="to">to</span>以后，句子更有色彩了。</p>
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