浅谈英语中常见修辞格（二）
<p>英语中除上述的用介词、连词或句型等的明喻表达方式外，还有许许多多常用的明喻习语。例如：</p><p><span word="as">as</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="crystal">crystal</span> 清如水晶</p><p>这类利用双声增强美感的明喻习语简洁明快，短小精悍，语言形象，比喻恰切，令人回味无穷，运用得当，可以达到表达生动、形象的效果。</p><p>2.隐喻(<span word="the">the</span> <span word="metaphor">metaphor</span>)</p><p>它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻 词，只是在暗中打比方。举一个简单的例子：<span word="Argument">Argument</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="war">war</span>. 实际上<span word="argument">argument</span>和 <span word="war">war</span>是两种不同的事物，前者是口头争论，后者是武装冲突。但<span word="argument">argument</span>和<span word="war">war</span>都可能十分激烈，因此该句用战争(<span word="war">war</span>)来暗指辨论(<span word="argum">argum</span> <span word="ent">ent</span>)的激烈程度。再如：</p><p>(1)<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stone">stone</span>.他铁石心肠。</p><p>(2)<span word="To">To</span> <span word="me">me</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pageant">pageant</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="seasons">seasons</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thrilling">thrilling</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unending">unending</span> <span word="drama">drama</span>.对于我来说，四季的奇妙变幻犹如一出动人心弦、永不完结的戏。</p><p>英语中有许多数词习语和俚语，主要用作隐喻(也有个别用作明喻)。许多数词习语和俚语本身所代表的数字意思，在某种情况下往往失去具体的含义，引申演变为与某一事物相关或具有某一事物特征的含义。例如：</p><p>(1)<span word="A">A</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="failure">failure</span>.这件事极可能失败。</p>
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