煎蛋小学堂:英语百科(视频+中英字幕) 第15课:关于学校的5个真相
<p><span word="Vsauce">Vsauce</span>!<span word="Kevin">Kevin</span> <span word="here">here</span>.<span word="Kids">Kids</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>.<span word="havent">havent</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="summers">summers</span> <span word="off">off</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="areas">areas</span>,<span word="they">they</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="summer">summer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="winter">winter</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="planting">planting</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="harvesting">harvesting</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="urban">urban</span> <span word="kids">kids</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="round">round</span>.这里是<span word="Vsauce">Vsauce</span> 我是<span word="Kevin">Kevin</span>.美国的孩子们并非向来有暑假，在乡村地区 孩子们在夏冬两季上学来协助干农活 而城里的孩子整年都上学。<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mid">mid</span> 1800<span word="s">s</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="shifted">shifted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="standardized">standardized</span> <span word="fall">fall</span>-<span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="schedule">schedule</span>,<span word="Allowing">Allowing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="vacations">vacations</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="relief">relief</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="conditioning">conditioning</span>,<span word="and">and</span> <span word="doctors">doctors</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="supported">supported</span> <span word="this">this</span>,<span word="saying">saying</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="summers">summers</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="kidsbrains">kidsbrains</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="overuse">overuse</span>.<span word="Meanwhile">Meanwhile</span>,<span word="kids">kids</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="smarter">smarter</span>.在19世纪中期 学校开始旅行春秋学期制，让一家人得以共同旅行，并缓解无空调楼房的压力，并且当时的医生也很支持，称暑假可防止儿童用脑过度，与此同时 儿童也愈发聪明。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Flynn">Flynn</span> <span word="Effect">Effect</span>,<span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="IQ">IQ</span> <span word="scores">scores</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="markedly">markedly</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="generation">generation</span>.<span word="Professor">Professor</span> <span word="James">James</span> <span word="Flynn">Flynn</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="todays">todays</span> <span word="IQ">IQ</span> <span word="test">test</span>,<span word="theyd">theyd</span> <span word="average">average</span> 70,<span word="While">While</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="test">test</span> 100 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>,<span word="theyd">theyd</span> <span word="average">average</span> 130.<span word="Explanations">Explanations</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="healthcare">healthcare</span>,<span word="nutrition">nutrition</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="schooling">schooling</span>...“福林效应”显示 每一代人的智商都有显著提高，<span word="James">James</span> <span word="Flynn">Flynn</span> 教授发现 若100年前的学生接受今日的<span word="IQ">IQ</span>测试 他们平均只有70，而今天的学生参与100年前的测试 其均值高达130，其原因包括医疗饮食条件改善及更多教育……<span word="And">And</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="adverse">adverse</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="classifying">classifying</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="couldnt">couldnt</span> <span word="use">use</span>.<span word="and">and</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span> <span word="routinely">routinely</span> <span word="engage">engage</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hypothetical">hypothetical</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="abstract">abstract</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>,<span word="Neuropsychologist">Neuropsychologist</span> <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="R">R</span>.<span word="Luria">Luria</span> <span word="tested">tested</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="socially">socially</span> <span word="isolated">isolated</span> <span word="farmer">farmer</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>,<span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="this">this</span>.科学时代之前的人们，常拒绝为自己无法使用的事物归类，并不常做出假设或抽象思维,约100年前神经学家<span word="A">A</span>.<span word="R">R</span>. <span word="Luria">Luria</span>在一位极少社交的农民身上证实了此看法，他们的对话大概如此。<span word="What">What</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="chicken">chicken</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="common">common</span>? <span word="Nothing">Nothing</span>?<span word="A">A</span> <span word="chicken">chicken</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="legs">legs</span>,<span word="a">a</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="four">four</span>.<span word="Chicken">Chicken</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="wings">wings</span>,<span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="dont">dont</span>!鸡和狗有什么共同点？没有，鸡有两条腿，狗有四条，鸡有翅膀，狗没有。<span word="Okay">Okay</span> <span word="youve">youve</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="theyre">theyre</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="alike">alike</span>?<span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span>? <span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="though">though</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span>?<span word="Nope">Nope</span>.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="animal">animal</span>?<span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="animalfit">animalfit</span>? <span word="Yes">Yes</span>.好 你解释了它们的不同点，不过它们的相同点呢？它们不一样，有没有二者都适用的词？没有。“动物”这个词呢？“动物”这个词合适吗？好的。<span word="Online">Online</span> <span word="courses">courses</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="commonplace">commonplace</span> <span word="now">now</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="Sir">Sir</span> <span word="Isaac">Isaac</span> <span word="Pitman">Pitman</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="distance">distance</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1840<span word="s">s</span>.<span word="Pitman">Pitman</span> <span word="taught">taught</span> <span word="shorthand">shorthand</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="mailing">mailing</span> <span word="postcards">postcards</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="correcting">correcting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="answers">answers</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="mailed">mailed</span> <span word="back">back</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1920<span word="s">s</span>,<span word="educational">educational</span> <span word="radio">radio</span> <span word="programs">programs</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="textbooks">textbooks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="air">air</span>.<span word="And">And</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="over">over</span> 2200 <span word="courses">courses</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="free">free</span>.今日 在线课程已十分普遍, <span word="Sir">Sir</span> <span word="Isaac">Isaac</span> <span word="Pitman">Pitman</span>在19世纪40年代开设了首个远程学习课程，<span word="Pitman">Pitman</span>通过邮寄明信片教学生速记并批改他们邮回的明信片，在20世纪20年代，教育广播节目被视作“空中的课本”,今天，全世界共有2200多个在线课程，并且免费。<span word="While">While</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Korea">Korea</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="robot">robot</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="disabilities">disabilities</span>,<span word="a">a</span> <span word="kindergarten">kindergarten</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Switzerland">Switzerland</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="bringing">bringing</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="roots">roots</span>.<span word="Literally">Literally</span>.<span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forest">forest</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="kids">kids</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="snow">snow</span>.<span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="fires">fires</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shelters">shelters</span> <span word="alongside">alongside</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ABCs">ABCs</span>.韩国发明机器人老师以帮助有学习障碍的儿童,瑞士一家幼儿园将教育带回到了根源，字面上的，他们在森林里开设学校 而学生们风雨无阻来上课，学习生火 搭房子以及知识。</p>
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