美国人眼中的道德观念
<p>【英文原文】</p><p> <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="morals">morals</span>?<span word="That">That</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="question">question</span>.<span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="insist">insist</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="merely">merely</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="opinions">opinions</span>.<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="voices">voices</span>,<span word="though">though</span>,<span word="are">are</span> <span word="calling">calling</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="values">values</span>.<span word="William">William</span> <span word="J">J</span>.<span word="Bennett">Bennett</span>,<span word="former">former</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>.<span word="Secretary">Secretary</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Education">Education</span>,<span word="edited">edited</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Book">Book</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Virtues">Virtues</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1993<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="that">that</span>.<span word="Bennett">Bennett</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="stories">stories</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="character">character</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Bennett">Bennett</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="values">values</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="they">they</span>? </p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="with">with</span>,<span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="values">values</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>,<span word="many">many</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="morality">morality</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="universal">universal</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stories">stories</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="traditions">traditions</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="teach">teach</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="unique">unique</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>.<span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="that">that</span>,<span word="but">but</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="influences">influences</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="virtues">virtues</span>. </p><p> <span word="One">One</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="values">values</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="honesty">honesty</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="known">known</span> <span word="legend">legend</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="Washington">Washington</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cherry">cherry</span> <span word="tree">tree</span> <span word="teaches">teaches</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span>.<span word="Little">Little</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="father">father</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="favorite">favorite</span> <span word="cherry">cherry</span> <span word="tree">tree</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="hatchet">hatchet</span>.<span word="When">When</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>,<span word="George">George</span> <span word="said">said</span>,"<span word="I">I</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lie">lie</span>.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="hatchet">hatchet</span>."<span word="Instead">Instead</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="punishment">punishment</span>,<span word="George">George</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="praise">praise</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="telling">telling</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="truth">truth</span>.<span word="Sometimes">Sometimes</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="honesty">honesty</span>-<span word="being">being</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="direct">direct</span>-<span word="can">can</span> <span word="offend">offend</span> <span word="people">people</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> "<span word="honesty">honesty</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="policy">policy</span>." </p><p> <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="virtue">virtue</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="respect">respect</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="perseverance">perseverance</span>.<span word="Remember">Remember</span> <span word="Aesop">Aesop</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="fable">fable</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="turtle">turtle</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rabbit">rabbit</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="race">race</span>?<span word="The">The</span> <span word="rabbit">rabbit</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="win">win</span> <span word="easily">easily</span>,<span word="so">so</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nap">nap</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="turtle">turtle</span> <span word="finally">finally</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="up">up</span>.<span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="tells">tells</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="climb">climb</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="steep">steep</span> <span word="hill">hill</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="hill">hill</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="steep">steep</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="it">it</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="kept">kept</span> <span word="pulling">pulling</span>,<span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="saying">saying</span>,"<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span>."<span word="At">At</span> <span word="last">last</span>,<span word="the">the</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hill">hill</span>."<span word="I">I</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="could">could</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="could">could</span>,"<span word="chugged">chugged</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="happy">happy</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="train">train</span>. </p>
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