海外文化:英美民俗-占卜
<p>【英文原文】</p><p>摘要：试图通过魔法或超自然手段获取未知信息称为占卜。迷信认为，占卜人能够通过占卜得知过去发生事件的真相、异地正在发生的事件以及未来发生的事件。</p><p><span word="Divination">Divination</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="magical">magical</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="supernatural">supernatural</span> <span word="means">means</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="diviner">diviner</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>, <span word="present">present</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="future">future</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="diviners">diviners</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="events">events</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="mysteriously">mysteriously</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="diviner">diviner</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="died">died</span>. <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="diviners">diviners</span>, <span word="called">called</span> <span word="dowsers">dowsers</span>, <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="location">location</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="underground">underground</span> <span word="water">water</span>. <span word="Still">Still</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="foretell">foretell</span> <span word="events">events</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="die">die</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="marry">marry</span>.</p><p><span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="divination">divination</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="diviners">diviners</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="communicating">communicating</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dead">dead</span>. <span word="Astrology">Astrology</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="attempt">attempt</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="happenings">happenings</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moon">moon</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="stars">stars</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="diviners">diviners</span> <span word="interpret">interpret</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="foretell">foretell</span> <span word="events">events</span>. <span word="Palmistry">Palmistry</span> <span word="claims">claims</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="one">one</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="examining">examining</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lines">lines</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="palm">palm</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="fortunetellers">fortunetellers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="crystal">crystal</span> <span word="balls">balls</span>, <span word="pictures">pictures</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="happening">happening</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span>.</p><p><span word="Courts">Courts</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="divination">divination</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="determine">determine</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="guilt">guilt</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="innocence">innocence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="criminals">criminals</span>. <span word="Divination">Divination</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="trial">trial</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ordeal">ordeal</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="witch">witch</span> <span word="trials">trials</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 17<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="colonial">colonial</span> <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="suspected">suspected</span> <span word="witch">witch</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="tied">tied</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thrown">thrown</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="water">water</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="sank">sank</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="innocent">innocent</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="floated">floated</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="witch">witch</span> – <span word="and">and</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="executed">executed</span>.</p>
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