海外文化:英美民俗-魔法
<p>【英文原文】</p><p>摘要：魔法指试图用某些超自然的力量控制自然或他人的行为。现代科学已为很多神秘现象的原因提供了科学的解释，但仍然有人迷信星相和算命之类的魔法。</p><p><span word="Magic">Magic</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="powers">powers</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="unnatural">unnatural</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="superhuman">superhuman</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="provided">provided</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="events">events</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="astrology">astrology</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fortunetelling">fortunetelling</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="objects">objects</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="amulets">amulets</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="charms">charms</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="harm">harm</span>. <span word="Amulets">Amulets</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="charms">charms</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="stones">stones</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="rings">rings</span> <span word="engraved">engraved</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="symbols">symbols</span>.</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="magic">magic</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="magician">magician</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="supernatural">supernatural</span> <span word="powers">powers</span>, <span word="sings">sings</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="speaks">speaks</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="order">order</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="incantations">incantations</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="spells">spells</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="spells">spells</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="prayers">prayers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="demons">demons</span>, <span word="spirits">spirits</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="supernatural">supernatural</span> <span word="forces">forces</span>. <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="spoken">spoken</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="magician">magician</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="magician">magician</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="combine">combine</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="ceremony">ceremony</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rite">rite</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ritual">ritual</span>.</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="event">event</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="imitating">imitating</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="whey">whey</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="scale">scale</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="produces">produces</span> <span word="like">like</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="magician">magician</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="sprinkle">sprinkle</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="injure">injure</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="damaging">damaging</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lock">lock</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hair">hair</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="clothing">clothing</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="magician">magician</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="cripple">cripple</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="putting">putting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="object">object</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="person">person</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="footprint">footprint</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="magic">magic</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="obtaining">obtaining</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="body">body</span>. <span word="Therefore">Therefore</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="carefully">carefully</span> <span word="dispose">dispose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="nails">nails</span>, <span word="hair">hair</span>, <span word="teeth">teeth</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="wastes">wastes</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="reason">reason</span>, <span word="witches">witches</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="magicians">magicians</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="doll">doll</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="likeness">likeness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="harm">harm</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="sticking">sticking</span> <span word="pins">pins</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doll">doll</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="injuring">injuring</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="way">way</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="doll">doll</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lock">lock</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hair">hair</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="clothing">clothing</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span>. </p>
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