海外文化:英美民俗-魔鬼
<p>【英文原文】</p><p>摘要：魔鬼在犹太教和基督教里又称撒旦，是上帝和天使的敌人。一般认为魔鬼也就是路济弗儿，一位因反叛上帝而被打入地狱受罚的天使</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Devil">Devil</span>, <span word="also">also</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Satan">Satan</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Judaism">Judaism</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Christianity">Christianity</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="evil">evil</span> <span word="spirit">spirit</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="opposes">opposes</span> <span word="God">God</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="identified">identified</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Lucifer">Lucifer</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="angel">angel</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rebel">rebel</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="God">God</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="heaven">heaven</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hell">hell</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="forever">forever</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ruler">ruler</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="underworld">underworld</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="hell">hell</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="followers">followers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="spreading">spreading</span> <span word="evil">evil</span> <span word="throughout">throughout</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="followers">followers</span>, <span word="called">called</span> <span word="devils">devils</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="lesser">lesser</span> <span word="angels">angels</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Lucifer">Lucifer</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Devil">Devil</span> <span word="tempts">tempts</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="wicked">wicked</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chief">chief</span> <span word="Tempter">Tempter</span>. <span word="Sometimes">Sometimes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="religious">religious</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="devils">devils</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="combined">combined</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="folklore">folklore</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="ghosts">ghosts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="demons">demons</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="literature">literature</span>, <span word="Satan">Satan</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="devils">devils</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="pictured">pictured</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="goat">goat</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="horns">horns</span>, <span word="bat">bat</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="wings">wings</span>, <span word="split">split</span> <span word="hooves">hooves</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="barbed">barbed</span> <span word="tail">tail</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Devil">Devil</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="beast">beast</span>, <span word="cruel">cruel</span>, <span word="gross">gross</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="savage">savage</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="theologians">theologians</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Devil">Devil</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="symbol">symbol</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evil">evil</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worst">worst</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="destructive">destructive</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span>.</p>
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