美式的名字与称谓
<p><span word="Names">Names</span><span word="Titles">Titles</span> 美式的名字与称谓 </p><p>"<span word="What">What</span>\'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="name">name</span>?" <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span>\'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Romeo">Romeo</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Juliet">Juliet</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="much">much</span>. "<span word="That">That</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rose">rose</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="sweet">sweet</span>." <span word="But">But</span> <span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span>, <span word="names">names</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="titles">titles</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="deal">deal</span>. </p><p>一个名字到底意味着甚么呢？根据莎士比亚的名著，罗密欧与朱丽叶，名字里没有太多的意义--「就算给玫瑰取任何其它的名字，它闻起来还是一样的芬芳。」不过莎士比亚也许错了。因为在大部份的文化中，姓名和称谓可是很重要的呢。 </p><p><span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="care">care</span>. <span word="Parents">Parents</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="impression">impression</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="gives">gives</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="a">a</span> "<span word="Jennifer">Jennifer</span>" <span word="more">more</span> <span word="attractive">attractive</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> "<span word="Bertha">Bertha</span>," <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="name">name</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="surname">surname</span>, <span word="must">must</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="choosing">choosing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="name">name</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="Lester">Lester</span> <span word="Chester">Chester</span> <span word="Hester">Hester</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="poetic">poetic</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="odd">odd</span>. <span word="Parents">Parents</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="remind">remind</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="don">don</span>\'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="like">like</span>. <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="respected">respected</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="relative">relative</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="person">person</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="popularity">popularity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="generation">generation</span>. <span word="Names">Names</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="common">common</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="Fanny">Fanny</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Elmer">Elmer</span>, <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="old">old</span>-<span word="fashioned">fashioned</span> <span word="today">today</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="names">names</span>-<span word="like">like</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="David">David</span>, <span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Sarah">Sarah</span>-<span word="have">have</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="favorites">favorites</span>. </p><p>美国人会很小心地为孩子取名字，父母们通常会考量的是名字给人的印象，而不是名字本身的意义。比如说：大部份的美国人会觉得<span word="Jennifer">Jennifer</span>这个名字比<span word="Bertha">Bertha</span>要来得吸引人。取第一和第二个名字的时候（注：美国人除了姓和名之外，有些人还有中间的名字）也要将姓考虑进去。像「雷司特．彻司特．海司特」这样的名字或许听起来很诗意又押韵，其实是很奇怪的名字。有些名字会使父母们想起自己不喜欢的人，他们就会避免使用；另一方面，人们会以一位敬佩的年长亲戚或是名人的名字来替孩子命名。某些名字受欢迎的程度在每一代都不尽相同。曾经相当普遍的名字像是<span word="Fanny">Fanny</span>或<span word="Elmer">Elmer</span>，现今听起来都过时了，不过有些名字像是<span word="John">John</span>，<span word="David">David</span>，<span word="Mary">Mary</span>和<span word="Sarah">Sarah</span>都历久不衰，仍是大家的最爱。</p>
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