中英双语话中国艺术 第1期:中国早期电影发展
<p>1. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Early">Early</span> <span word="Period">Period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Movie">Movie</span>1、中国早期电影的发展<span word="At">At</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 19<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="movie">movie</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="introduced">introduced</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="China">China</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1896， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Western">Western</span> <span word="movie">movie</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="movie">movie</span> <span word="showing">showing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1905，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="photo">photo</span> <span word="studio">studio</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="movie">movie</span> , <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="collection">collection</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scenes">scenes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="opera">opera</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classical">classical</span> <span word="novel">novel</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Romance">Romance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Kingdoms">Kingdoms</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="thirties">thirties</span>, <span word="many">many</span> <span word="revolutionary">revolutionary</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="produced">produced</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Spring">Spring</span> <span word="Silkworms">Silkworms</span>, <span word="Plunder">Plunder</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Peach">Peach</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Plum">Plum</span> , <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Modem">Modem</span> <span word="Women">Women</span> , <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="Road">Road</span>，<span word="Song">Song</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fishermen">Fishermen</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="Crossroads">Crossroads</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="realities">realities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wishes">wishes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span>.19世纪末期，电影引人中国。中国第一部引进的西方电影于1脱年在上海上映。 1905年，北京一家照相室选取京剧传统曲目《三国演义》的一些简单场景制作了中国第一部电影。在中国电影事业发展的最初30年中，创作了许多革命电影，例如:《春蚕》、《桃李劫机《三个摩登女性》、《大路》、《温光曲》、《十字街头}，集中反映了当时社会的现状和人民的愿望。 </p><p><span word="During">During</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Anti">Anti</span>-<span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="War">War</span>, <span word="many">many</span> <span word="progressive">progressive</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="made">made</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Defend">Defend</span> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="Land">Land</span>, <span word="The">The</span> <span word="March">March</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Victory">Victory</span>, <span word="The">The</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Ours">Ours</span>, <span word="Sons">Sons</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Daughters">Daughters</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="China">China</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Snowy">Snowy</span> <span word="Taihang">Taihang</span> <span word="Mountains">Mountains</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="reflected">reflected</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span> <span word="requirement">requirement</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>.抗战期间，许多进步电影诞生了，例如《保卫我们的土地》、《胜利进行曲》、《华北是我们的》、《中华儿女》、《风雪太行山》。这些电影都反映了人民要求坚持抗战的强烈愿望。<span word="After">After</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="victory">victory</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Anti">Anti</span>-<span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="War">War</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="produced">produced</span> , <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Remote">Remote</span> <span word="Love">Love</span> , <span word="Along">Along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Songhua">Songhua</span> <span word="River">River</span>，<span word="Eight">Eight</span> <span word="Thousand">Thousand</span> <span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Cloud">Cloud</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Moon">Moon</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Spring">Spring</span> <span word="River">River</span> <span word="Flows">Flows</span> <span word="East">East</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span>α<span word="bout">bout</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="struggles">struggles</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="War">War</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Resistance">Resistance</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>.抗战胜利后，中国电影发行了如《遥远的爱》、《松花江上》、《八千里路云和月》和《一江春水向东流》等大批反映抗战时期人民生活和斗争的杰出电影。<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="liberated">liberated</span> <span word="areas">areas</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="founding">founding</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Yaann">Yaann</span> <span word="Movie">Movie</span> <span word="Group">Group</span> <span word="marks">marks</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span> <span word="movie">movie</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="shot">shot</span> <span word="valuable">valuable</span> <span word="documentaries">documentaries</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="included">included</span> <span word="yanan">yanan</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Eighth">Eighth</span> <span word="Route">Route</span> <span word="Army">Army</span>, <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Norman">Norman</span> <span word="Bethune">Bethune</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Nanniwan">Nanniwan</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1946, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Yanan">Yanan</span> <span word="Movie">Movie</span> <span word="Studio">Studio</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="founded">founded</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="recorded">recorded</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Liberation">Liberation</span> <span word="War">War</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="October">October</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Northeast">Northeast</span> <span word="Movie">Movie</span> <span word="Studio">Studio</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="established">established</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="productions">productions</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="seventeen">seventeen</span> <span word="newsreels">newsreels</span> <span word="entitled">entitled</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Democratic">Democratic</span> <span word="Northeast">Northeast</span>.在解放区，延安电影团的成立标志着人民电影事业的开始。先后拍摄了《延安与八路军》、《白求恩大夫》和《南泥湾》等一些价值很高的纪录片。1946年，延安电影制片厂成立，出品了一些解放战争的影片。10月，东北电影制片厂成立，主要作品为《民主东北》17部系列资讯片。<span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="progressive">progressive</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="founding">founding</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Peoples">Peoples</span> <span word="Republic">Republic</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="adopted">adopted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="realistic">realistic</span> <span word="style">style</span>; <span word="therefore">therefore</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="sympathy">sympathy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="poor">poor</span>. <span word="Early">Early</span> <span word="movie">movie</span>-<span word="makers">makers</span> <span word="owned">owned</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="work">work</span>: <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="entertain">entertain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ordinary">ordinary</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="managed">managed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plot">plot</span> <span word="development">development</span>, <span word="customs">customs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="habits">habits</span> , <span word="language">language</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="acting">acting</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="conform">conform</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tastes">tastes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="audience">audience</span>. <span word="Obviously">Obviously</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pioneers">pioneers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chinas">Chinas</span> <span word="progressive">progressive</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="contributions">contributions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chinas">Chinas</span> <span word="movie">movie</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>.建国前很多进步影片采用了现实主义形式，对中国社会、民生都有很大的影响力，这些影片都表达了对穷苦大众的同情。为了实现电影的创作目标一一一愉悦普通老百姓，早期电影工作者努力使情节发展、风俗习惯、语言、表演都能符合观众品位。中国进步电影的先驱们为中国电影事业的发展做出了巨大贡献。</p>
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