雅思考试听力真题答案及解析
<p> 1 <span word="NEELIE">NEELIE</span> <span word="KROES">KROES</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="Unions">Unions</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="commissioner">commissioner</span>， <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="mince">mince</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="reporting">reporting</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Europes">Europes</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Wednesday">Wednesday</span> <span word="January">January</span> 10<span word="th">th</span>. <span word="Europes">Europes</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="failed">failed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="invest">invest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="networks">networks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span>. <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="vertically">vertically</span> <span word="integrated">integrated</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Electricit">Electricit</span> <span word="de">de</span> <span word="France">France</span> (<span word="EDF">EDF</span>) <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Germanys">Germanys</span> <span word="E">E</span>.<span word="ON">ON</span>， <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="dubbed">dubbed</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="champions">champions</span>， <span word="are">are</span> <span word="effectively">effectively</span> <span word="behaving">behaving</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="monopolies">monopolies</span>. <span word="Shy">Shy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>， <span word="eager">eager</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="artificially">artificially</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="prices">prices</span>， <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="helping">helping</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="block">block</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="efficient">efficient</span> <span word="generation">generation</span>， <span word="transmission">transmission</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="distribution">distribution</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="continent">continent</span>. 2 <span word="Energy">Energy</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="vary">vary</span> <span word="wildly">wildly</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>. <span word="Ms">Ms</span> <span word="Kroes">Kroes</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="cheaper">cheaper</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="intends">intends</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="push">push</span> <span word="suppliers">suppliers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="divest">divest</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="distribution">distribution</span> <span word="network">network</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="invest">invest</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="transportation">transportation</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="energyin">energyin</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>， <span word="or">or</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span>， <span word="for">for</span> <span word="examplecan">examplecan</span> <span word="flow">flow</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="borders">borders</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="remarkably">remarkably</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>， <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>， <span word="for">for</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>-<span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="import">import</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="neighbouring">neighbouring</span>， <span word="gas">gas</span>-<span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="Netherlands">Netherlands</span>. <span word="Companies">Companies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="dominate">dominate</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="have">have</span>， <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span>， <span word="had">had</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="improving">improving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interconnections">interconnections</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="continent">continent</span>. 3 <span word="Ms">Ms</span> <span word="Kroes">Kroes</span>， <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>， <span word="will">will</span> <span word="struggle">struggle</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="way">way</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="Commission">Commission</span>， <span word="which">which</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="presented">presented</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="recommendation">recommendation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="improving">improving</span> <span word="EU">EU</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="policy">policy</span>， <span word="also">also</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unbundling">unbundling</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ownership">ownership</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="separation">separation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="suppliers">suppliers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="transporters">transporters</span>， <span word="something">something</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="integrated">integrated</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="governments">governments</span>， <span word="notably">notably</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="France">France</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span>， <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bound">bound</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="oppose">oppose</span> <span word="ferociously">ferociously</span>. 4 <span word="Complicating">Complicating</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>. <span word="Much">Much</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="depending">depending</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="heavily">heavily</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="exports">exports</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>. <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Vladimir">Vladimir</span> <span word="Putin">Putin</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="prone">prone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="exports">exports</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="blunt">blunt</span> <span word="tool">tool</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="policy">policy</span>， <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bully">bully</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="hinterland">hinterland</span>. <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="interrupted">interrupted</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="deliveries">deliveries</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span>， <span word="affecting">affecting</span> <span word="supplies">supplies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="too">too</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="blocked">blocked</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="exports">exports</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="via">via</span> <span word="Belarus">Belarus</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>， <span word="though">though</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="spat">spat</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="resolved">resolved</span>. 5 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="spuriously">spuriously</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="oppose">oppose</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="liberalisation">liberalisation</span> <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Ms">Ms</span> <span word="Kroes">Kroes</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="E">E</span>.<span word="ON">ON</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="EDF">EDF</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="protected">protected</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="champions">champions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="secure">secure</span> <span word="supply">supply</span>， <span word="by">by</span> <span word="striking">striking</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="deals">deals</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="powerful">powerful</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="suppliers">suppliers</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Commission">Commission</span> <span word="disagrees">disagrees</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="deals">deals</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="politically">politically</span> <span word="motivated">motivated</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="transparent">transparent</span>. <span word="Protection">Protection</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="evidently">evidently</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="market">market</span>， <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="secured">secured</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="deals">deals</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Russians">Russians</span>. 6 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Commissions">Commissions</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="proposes">proposes</span>， <span word="ideally">ideally</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="break">break</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="suppliers">suppliers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="distributors">distributors</span>. (<span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="solution">solution</span>， <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="France">France</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span>， <span word="it">it</span> <span word="recommends">recommends</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="networks">networks</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="party">party</span>.) <span word="Properly">Properly</span> <span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="managers">managers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Europes">Europes</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="networks">networks</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="incentive">incentive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="interconnecting">interconnecting</span> <span word="pipelines">pipelines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="lines">lines</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="borders">borders</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ensuring">ensuring</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="diverse">diverse</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="suppliers">suppliers</span>， <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="terminals">terminals</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="import">import</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="liquified">liquified</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="prices">prices</span>， <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="liberalised">liberalised</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="by">by</span>. 7 <span word="Whether">Whether</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>， <span word="however">however</span>， <span word="is">is</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Commission">Commission</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="calling">calling</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="effort">effort</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> 20% <span word="by">by</span> 2020 (<span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> 1990 <span word="levels">levels</span>). <span word="If">If</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="willing">willing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="ball">ball</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Commission">Commission</span> <span word="proposes">proposes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> 30%. <span word="Achieving">Achieving</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="promoting">promoting</span> <span word="cleaner">cleaner</span> <span word="cars">cars</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span>-<span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>， <span word="wider">wider</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="transport">transport</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="renewable">renewable</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>， <span word="like">like</span> <span word="wind">wind</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="power">power</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="laudable">laudable</span> <span word="enough">enough</span>， <span word="but">but</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="horse">horse</span>-<span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="governmentsEuropes">governmentsEuropes</span> <span word="leaders">leaders</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="March">March</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="discuss">discuss</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="proposalstry">proposalstry</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="commitments">commitments</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="competitive">competitive</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="rivals">rivals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="America">America</span>， <span word="Asia">Asia</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="elsewhere">elsewhere</span>. <span word="Questions">Questions</span> 1-5 <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="statements">statements</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="views">views</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>？ <span word="In">In</span> <span word="boxes">boxes</span> 1-5 <span word="on">on</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="sheet">sheet</span> <span word="write">write</span> <span word="YES">YES</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="statement">statement</span> <span word="reflects">reflects</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="views">views</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="NO">NO</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="statement">statement</span> <span word="contradicts">contradicts</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="views">views</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="GIVEN">GIVEN</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> 1. <span word="Europes">Europes</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="funded">funded</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="distribution">distribution</span> <span word="network">network</span>. 2. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wide">wide</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>. 3. <span word="Gas">Gas</span>-<span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="import">import</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="neighbour">neighbour</span>. 4. <span word="E">E</span>.<span word="ON">ON</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="EDF">EDF</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="oppose">oppose</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="liberalisation">liberalisation</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="supply">supply</span>. 5. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="Commission">Commission</span> <span word="proposes">proposes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span> <span word="by">by</span> 30% <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="is">is</span> <span word="willing">willing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="its">its</span>. <span word="Questions">Questions</span> 6-10 <span word="Look">Look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="box">box</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="below">below</span>. <span word="Choose">Choose</span> <span word="One">One</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Two">Two</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span>. <span word="Write">Write</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="answers">answers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="boxes">boxes</span> 6-10 <span word="on">on</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="sheet">sheet</span>. <span word="Countries">Countries</span> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="Belarus">Belarus</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="France">France</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="Germany">Germany</span> <span word="E">E</span>. <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="F">F</span>. <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span></p>
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