雅思笔试机经30
<p>.<span word="h">h</span> </p><p> <span word="section">section</span> 4原文背景：</p><p> <span word="Saucer">Saucer</span>-<span word="type">type</span> <span word="Open">Open</span> <span word="Grease">Grease</span> <span word="Lamps">Lamps</span></p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="light">light</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="saucer">saucer</span>-<span word="type">type</span> <span word="grease">grease</span> <span word="lamp">lamp</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1700<span word="s">s</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="decorated">decorated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="ornamental">ornamental</span> <span word="figures">figures</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="roosters">roosters</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="figures">figures</span> <span word="acted">acted</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="luck">luck</span> <span word="charms">charms</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="miner">miner</span>.</p><p> <span word="Candles">Candles</span></p><p> <span word="Later">Later</span>, <span word="candles">candles</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="tallow">tallow</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mines">mines</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="candle">candle</span>-<span word="holder">holder</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="adopted">adopted</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mines">mines</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="consisted">consisted</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> 3/8-<span word="inch">inch</span> <span word="iron">iron</span> <span word="rod">rod</span> <span word="twisted">twisted</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="looped">looped</span> <span word="handle">handle</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sharpened">sharpened</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>. <span word="Often">Often</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hook">hook</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="holder">holder</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="driven">driven</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="suitable">suitable</span> <span word="support">support</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="holder">holder</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hung">hung</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="overhang">overhang</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="protrusion">protrusion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mine">mine</span>.</p><p> <span word="Safety">Safety</span> <span word="Lamps">Lamps</span></p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="breakthrough">breakthrough</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="Sir">Sir</span> <span word="Humphry">Humphry</span> <span word="Davy">Davy</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Davy">Davy</span> <span word="Lamp">Lamp</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gauze">gauze</span>-<span word="enclosed">enclosed</span> <span word="lamp">lamp</span>. <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="gauze">gauze</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="guarantee">guarantee</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flame">flame</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="contact">contact</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="gases">gases</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="screen">screen</span>, <span word="Sir">Sir</span> <span word="Davy">Davy</span> <span word="reasoned">reasoned</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="metal">metal</span> <span word="mesh">mesh</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="cool">cool</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flame">flame</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="contact">contact</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="fire">fire</span> <span word="damp">damp</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="gases">gases</span> <span word="explode">explode</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="temperatures">temperatures</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="extinguish">extinguish</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flame">flame</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="cooler">cooler</span>.</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="miners">miners</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="opening">opening</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> <span word="lamp">lamp</span> <span word="underground">underground</span>, <span word="considerable">considerable</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="locks">locks</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> <span word="lamps">lamps</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="equipped">equipped</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="padlock">padlock</span>, <span word="keyed">keyed</span> <span word="setscrews">setscrews</span>, <span word="melted">melted</span> <span word="soft">soft</span>-<span word="metal">metal</span> <span word="locking">locking</span> <span word="inserts">inserts</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="magnetic">magnetic</span> <span word="spring">spring</span>-<span word="loaded">loaded</span> <span word="latches">latches</span>.</p>
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