职称英语考试综合类重要语法知识点总结(1)
<p> 一、词类： 英语中主要有：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、冠词等。对于初学者，必须搞清。 </p><p> 1、名词：在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和另一名词的形容词。</p><p> 2、动词：见第二讲</p><p> 3、形容词：可在句子中作表语、名词的定语</p><p> 注意： 以下-<span word="ly">ly</span>结尾的词不是副词，是形容词： <span word="friendly">friendly</span> <span word="lovely">lovely</span> <span word="deadly">deadly</span> <span word="costly">costly</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="lonely">lonely</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="lively">lively</span> <span word="ugly">ugly</span> <span word="kindly">kindly</span> <span word="manly">manly</span>等</p><p> 4、副词：主要用来说明动词、形容词和副词本身。</p><p> 注意：除了<span word="in">in</span>, <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="down">down</span>, <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="inside">inside</span>, <span word="outside">outside</span>. 等只有一些表示方向和位置的副词外，副词不能作表语。</p><p> 例如：<span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="out">out</span>.</p><p> 5、介词：又称前置词，即放在名词前面的小词.</p><p> 注意：</p><p> 1)介词后面一定是个名词，例如不能说：<span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>，而应该为：<span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="illness">illness</span>;</p><p> 2)介词后面不能跟<span word="that">that</span>从句，即只能跟名词或带-<span word="wh">wh</span>开头的从句，这是英语语法的一条重要规则，如不能说：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>. 但可以是：<span word="She">She</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="angry">angry</span></p><p> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p><p> </p>
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