2014年职称英语考试综合类语法知识讲解：第七讲虚拟语气
<p> 虚拟语气概述：</p><p> 英语有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。对前两种语气，学生似乎比较熟悉，而对虚拟语气似乎感到比较难掌握。造成这种情况的主要原因，一是对虚拟语气有误解，认为虚拟语气表达的内容都是假的；二是将虚拟语气放在英语语法过高的地位上，原因之一是语法考试经常考虚拟语气，如2000年<span word="A">A</span>卷20道语法题中有5道是虚拟语气的语法范畴；三是英语中虚拟语气的表达形式比较特殊。</p><p> 其实，虚拟语气有两大类用法：</p><p> 1. 在对他人作命令、推荐、建议、劝慰、说服时用虚拟语气形式表达，表示语气的客气或婉转，如：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="question">question</span>. （我想请你来回答这个问题。）</p><p> 这里的<span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> （想），就是虚拟语气，相当于<span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span>：</p><p> 口语中常用的句型，象：</p><p> <span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="here">here</span>?（我在这里抽烟你不介意吧？）</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="see">see</span>.（观望或许是个好主意。）</p><p> <span word="Could">Could</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="post">post</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="is">is</span>?（能告诉我邮局怎么走吗？）</p><p> <span word="Youd">Youd</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="umbrella">umbrella</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="you">you</span>; <span word="its">its</span> <span word="thundering">thundering</span>. （你最好带上雨伞；天在打雷。）</p>
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