2013年职称英语重要语法知识点总结(19)
<p> <span word="where">where</span> : 当先行名词在从句中当地点状语时，用关系副词<span word="where">where</span>连接</p><p> 例如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="crime">crime</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="rises">rises</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="increases">increases</span>. 句中的<span word="where">where</span> = <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cities">cities</span>, 表示行为发生的地点。</p><p> 这里的要点是能否区分是用<span word="that">that</span> 还是用 <span word="where">where</span>， 即：是做主语、宾表语，还是做地点状语，例如：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span>.</p><p> 句中<span word="town">town</span>做动词<span word="visited">visited</span>的宾语，即参观过的小镇，故用<span word="that">that</span>连接。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="childhood">childhood</span>.</p><p> 句中<span word="town">town</span> 是动词<span word="lived">lived</span>的地点，即童年时住过的小镇，故用<span word="where">where</span>.</p><p> 这也是定语从句的一个考点。</p><p> <span word="when">when</span> : 当先行名词在从句中当时间状语时，用关系副词<span word="when">when</span>连接, 例如：</p><p> <span word="July">July</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>.</p><p> 注意<span word="when">when</span>定语从句后推的现象，例如：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="finally">finally</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="control">control</span>.</p><p> 放在主句后面作非限制定语从句时，<span word="when">when</span>一般译为此时，那时, 例如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="month">month</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preparations">preparations</span>.</p><p> 另一个关系副词是<span word="why">why</span>，由于它固定与<span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span>搭配, 即： <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="why">why</span>，不难理解，一般也不作为考试的重点。例如：</p>
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