2013年职称英语重要语法知识点总结(16)
<p> 动词的时态和语态</p><p> 时态和语态是英语动词的两个最基本特征，是英语语法基础的基础，这里不一一解释了，只是将学生容易搞错以及考试的重点部分作一些说明。</p><p> 许多学生和个别老师认为只有英语才有时态，这是个误解。其实，任何语言都有三个基本时态：过去、现在、将来。只是英语把时态的表述方式通过动词的变化分得比较细，如：现在时中又分为：一般式，进行式，完成式，完成进行式等。过去和将来时也可以此类推。</p><p> 几个基本时态的概念、用法和考点</p><p> <span word="n">n</span> 一般现在时：用来表述真理、习惯、现在的状态和性质等，常与<span word="always">always</span>, <span word="usually">usually</span>, <span word="often">often</span>, <span word="frequently">frequently</span>, <span word="occasionally">occasionally</span>, <span word="seldom">seldom</span>, <span word="rarely">rarely</span> 等频度副词或<span word="from">from</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="times">times</span>等短语连用。</p><p> 要点：频度副词的位置:</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="seldom">seldom</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="here">here</span>.</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="late">late</span>.</p><p> <span word="n">n</span> 现在完成时：用来表述已经完成或部分完成的动作或状态，其特点是1)不出现动作发生的具体时间；2)常与 <span word="for">for</span> 或 <span word="since">since</span> 引导的时间状语 连用。</p><p> 要点：<span word="for">for</span> 和 <span word="since">since</span> 是现在完成时的标志词</p><p> 实例：</p><p> ______ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1999 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="output">output</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="consuming">consuming</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="over">over</span> 30%.</p>
页:
[1]