2013年职称英语重要语法知识点总结(3)
<p> 二、名词的数：</p><p> 重点应了解和掌握以下内容：</p><p> 1、名词的可数和不可数：</p><p> 与汉语不同，英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。</p><p> 笼统地讲，物质名词，如：<span word="water">water</span>, <span word="iron">iron</span>, <span word="wood">wood</span>等, 和抽象名词，如：<span word="democracy">democracy</span>, <span word="freedom">freedom</span>, <span word="happiness">happiness</span>等为不可数。</p><p> 不可数名词前不能加<span word="a">a</span> ，后面不能加<span word="s">s</span> ，这是考试中对此类题目判断的重要依据。</p><p> 2、以下名词为不可数名词：</p><p> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="information">information</span></p><p> <span word="furniture">furniture</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span></p><p> <span word="advice">advice</span> <span word="weather">weather</span></p><p> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="clothing">clothing</span></p><p> <span word="baggage">baggage</span></p><p> <span word="work">work</span>作 工作 解释时为不可数名词，找工作不能说<span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="work">work</span>, 应为<span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="job">job</span>; <span word="work">work</span>作着作、作品解时是可数名词，如：<span word="Deng">Deng</span> <span word="Xiaopins">Xiaopins</span> <span word="works">works</span> / <span word="a">a</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="Deng">Deng</span></p><p> <span word="Xiaopin">Xiaopin</span> ;作 工厂 解释时，单复数同形：<span word="a">a</span> <span word="steel">steel</span> <span word="works">works</span> / <span word="two">two</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="works">works</span></p><p> 实例：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="staff">staff</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="there">there</span> ______ <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="havent">havent</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="furnitures">furnitures</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="arent">arent</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="furnitures">furnitures</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="hasnt">hasnt</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="furniture">furniture</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="isnt">isnt</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="furniture">furniture</span></p><p> 解题思路：根据名词数的概念<span word="A">A</span>、<span word="B">B</span>肯定错，不必考虑;<span word="C">C</span>、<span word="D">D</span>的主要差异是<span word="hasn">hasn</span>与 <span word="isn">isn</span>, 句子中有<span word="there">there</span>，说明该句是<span word="there">there</span> <span word="be">be</span>句型，故正确答案为<span word="D">D</span>.题中<span word="staff">staff</span>, <span word="office">office</span> 等词与解题无关。</p>
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