2015年职称英语理工类语法词汇之同义词组辨析(1)
<p> 1. <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span> 这组词都有 替代 之意。</p><p> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="of">of</span>： 代替、而不是、不而 可以引导动名词、名词、代词乃至介词短语，用法比<span word="in">in</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span> 更为广泛。</p><p> <span word="How">How</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="father">father</span>?怎么你代替你父亲来了?</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reservoir">reservoir</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountain">mountain</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="thetop">thetop</span>. 他们不是在山顶而是在半山腰修建了一个水库。</p><p> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span>： 代替、用而不用、取代 只能用于名词、代词，而且可以写作<span word="in">in</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="place">place</span>。</p><p> <span word="Jane">Jane</span> <span word="couldnt">couldnt</span> <span word="go">go</span> ,<span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="attended">attended</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="conference">conference</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="place">place</span>.简不能脱身，所以我代替她出席了会议。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Vice">Vice</span> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="becaue">becaue</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sick">sick</span>. 由于总统生病，副总统代替他在会上讲话。</p><p> 30.<span word="begin">begin</span>，<span word="commence">commence</span>，<span word="initiate">initiate</span>，<span word="start">start</span> 四个词都可作 开始但仍有差异。</p><p> <span word="begin">begin</span>是这组词中最常用的，强调从零开始。含与其反义词<span word="end">end</span> 相对比之意。如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="begins">begins</span> <span word="at">at</span> 8 <span word="oclock">oclock</span>. 会议8 点钟开始。<span word="begin">begin</span> 可后接介词<span word="at">at</span>，<span word="on">on</span> ，<span word="upon">upon</span> ，<span word="with">with</span>，含义各有不同。</p><p> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="at">at</span>表示从某个特定点 开始。如：</p><p> <span word="Let">Let</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="chapter">chapter</span>，让我们从第三章开始。</p><p> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="on">on</span>/<span word="upon">upon</span> 表示 着手从事 某方面的工作，如：</p>
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