职称英语考试理工类助动词辅导
<p> 1.英语中的助动词有下面这些：</p><p> （1）<span word="be">be</span>, <span word="am">am</span>, <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="are">are</span>, <span word="was">was</span>, <span word="were">were</span>, <span word="been">been</span>, <span word="being">being</span></p><p> （2）<span word="have">have</span>, <span word="has">has</span>, <span word="had">had</span>, <span word="having">having</span></p><p> （3）<span word="shall">shall</span>, <span word="will">will</span>, <span word="should">should</span>, <span word="would">would</span></p><p> （4）<span word="do">do</span>, <span word="does">does</span>, <span word="did">did</span></p><p> 这些助动词一般没有词义，主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等，或构成疑问及否定形式。</p><p> </p><p> 2.助动词<span word="be">be</span>可用来：</p><p> （1）构成进行时态：</p><p> <span word="Ill">Ill</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="at">at</span> 10 <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>. 我明天十点和她会面。</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="days">days</span>? 这些天来你在干什么？</p><p> （2）构成被动语态：</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="assigned">assigned</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="todays">todays</span> <span word="homework">homework</span>? 今天留了什么作业？</p><p> <span word="Preparations">Preparations</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="speech">speech</span> <span word="contest">contest</span>. 演讲比赛的准备工作正在进行。</p><p> （3）和动词不定式构成复合谓语，表示按计划安排即将发生的事情：</p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="hospital">hospital</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="district">district</span>. 我们区要修建一所新医院。</p><p> <span word="Where">Where</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span>? 我们在哪里碰头？</p><p> </p><p> 3.助动词<span word="have">have</span>可用来：</p><p> （1）构成完成时态和完成进行时态：</p><p> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="successes">successes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="achieved">achieved</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="fronts">fronts</span>. 在各个战线上都取得了巨大的胜利。</p>
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