职称英语语法考前辅导：定语从句
<p> 一、考点聚焦</p><p> 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语</p><p> 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后</p><p> <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="willing">willing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span>, <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="please">please</span>。</p><p> 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词</p><p> 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：<span word="some">some</span>-, <span word="any">any</span>-, <span word="every">every</span>-和<span word="no">no</span>与-<span word="boy">boy</span>, -<span word="thing">thing</span>的合成词;或<span word="all">all</span>、<span word="none">none</span>、<span word="any">any</span>、<span word="some">some</span>、<span word="that">that</span>、<span word="those">those</span>等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。</p><p> 先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：</p><p> ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="visiting">visiting</span>。</p><p> ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="visitin">visitin</span> <span word="China">China</span>。</p><p> 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词</p><p> 关系代词：<span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span>, <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span>, <span word="as">as</span>。</p><p> 关系副词：<span word="when">when</span>, <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="why">why</span>。<span word="that">that</span>偶尔也作关系副词。</p><p> 5、确定关系词的步骤</p><p> 先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。</p><p> 看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。</p>
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