2015年职称英语考试综合类语法词汇指导(十三)
<p> <span word="special">special</span>与<span word="especial">especial</span>的区别：表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但<span word="special">special</span>较为常用。另外,<span word="special">special</span>还可以表示特别的目的。如： <span word="She">She</span> <span word="pays">pays</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span>. / <span word="These">These</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="chairs">chairs</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="children">children</span>.</p><p> <span word="gone">gone</span>、<span word="lost">lost</span>、<span word="missing">missing</span>的区别：<span word="gone">gone</span>表示丢了,没了,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示死了,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语;<span word="lost">lost</span>表示丢失,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补;<span word="missing">missing</span>表示失踪了,不见了,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。如：<span word="My">My</span> <span word="fever">fever</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="gone">gone</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cough">cough</span>. / <span word="The">The</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="last">last</span>. / <span word="My">My</span> <span word="dictionary">dictionary</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="missing">missing</span>.<span word="Whos">Whos</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="away">away</span>? / <span word="For">For</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="detailed">detailed</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="missing">missing</span> <span word="girls">girls</span>, <span word="please">please</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="website">website</span>.</p><p> <span word="living">living</span>、<span word="alive">alive</span>、<span word="live">live</span>、<span word="lively">lively</span>的区别：四个词都来源于动词<span word="live">live</span>生活、居住。</p><p> <span word="living">living</span>读有三个意思：①活着的、现存的,作表语或定语,②一模一样的、逼真的,③相当于<span word="lively">lively</span>,意思是强烈的、活泼的</p><p> <span word="live">live</span>读,指东西活的,可以替换为<span word="living">living</span>;</p><p> <span word="alive">alive</span>读作表语,指人活着的,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面;</p><p> <span word="lively">lively</span>读有三个意思：①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的。</p><p> 例如：<span word="A">A</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="learned">learned</span> <span word="orally">orally</span>. / <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span>. / <span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="alive">alive</span>? / <span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="happiest">happiest</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="alive">alive</span>. / <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="fish">fish</span>. / <span word="A">A</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="wire">wire</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span>. / <span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="lively">lively</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kitten">kitten</span>. / <span word="He">He</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lively">lively</span> <span word="description">description</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="match">match</span>.</p>
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