2015年职称英语考试综合类语法词汇指导(十一)
<p> 六、形容词、副词：</p><p> 形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。</p><p> 1.形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。</p><p> 2.形容词在句子中的位置：</p><p> ⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：<span word="a">a</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="yellow">yellow</span> <span word="wooden">wooden</span> <span word="wheel">wheel</span></p><p> ⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="reasonable">reasonable</span>.</p><p> ⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：<span word="We">We</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="clean">clean</span>.</p><p> ⑷后置的情况：</p><p> ①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：<span word="Something">Something</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="him">him</span>.</p><p> ②与表示长、宽、高、重、老、远离的词连用时形容词后置。如：<span word="Hes">Hes</span> 1.8 <span word="metres">metres</span> <span word="tall">tall</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="moon">moon</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="about">about</span> 380,000 <span word="kilometres">kilometres</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>.</p><p> 3.有关形容词的用法辨析：</p><p> ⑴ <span word="whole">whole</span>与<span word="all">all</span>：记住两个词序：① <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> + 名词; ②<span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> + 名词。如：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="busy">busy</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>. / <span word="He">He</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="remember">remember</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="learns">learns</span>.</p><p> ⑵ <span word="tall">tall</span>与<span word="high">high</span>, <span word="short">short</span>与<span word="low">low</span>：指人的个子时用<span word="tall">tall</span>与<span word="short">short</span>;指其他事物时一般用<span word="high">high</span>与<span word="low">low</span>。如：<span word="Hes">Hes</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="tall">tall</span>/<span word="short">short</span>. / <span word="Tall">Tall</span> <span word="trees">trees</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="standing">standing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="sides">sides</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="avenue">avenue</span>. / <span word="A">A</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="mountains">mountains</span>.</p>
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