2007年托福考试阅读模拟试题
<p> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="music">music</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="americas">americas</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="contribution">contribution</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="music">music</span>。 <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="functioned">functioned</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="enjoyed">enjoyed</span> <span word="periods">periods</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fairly">fairly</span> <span word="widespread">widespread</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="response">response</span>， <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1920<span word="s">s</span>， <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="swing">swing</span> <span word="era">era</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="late">late</span> 1930<span word="s">s</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="peak">peak</span> <span word="popularity">popularity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="late">late</span> 1950<span word="s">s</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="legend">legend</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="originated">originated</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 19<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="orleans">orleans</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="moved">moved</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mississippi">mississippi</span> <span word="river">river</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="memphis">memphis</span>， <span word="st">st</span>. <span word="louis">louis</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="finally">finally</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="chicago">chicago</span>. <span word="it">it</span> <span word="welded">welded</span> <span word="together">together</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elements">elements</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ragtime">ragtime</span>， <span word="marching">marching</span> <span word="band">band</span> <span word="music">music</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blues">blues</span>. <span word="however">however</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="influences">influences</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tribal">tribal</span> <span word="african">african</span> <span word="drum">drum</span> <span word="beats">beats</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="european">european</span> <span word="musical">musical</span> <span word="structures">structures</span>. <span word="buddy">buddy</span> <span word="bolden">bolden</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="orleans">orleans</span> <span word="barber">barber</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cornet">cornet</span> <span word="player">player</span>， <span word="is">is</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="musician">musician</span>， <span word="around">around</span> 1891.</p><p> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="significantly">significantly</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="improvisation">improvisation</span>. <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="displayed">displayed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="composer">composer</span> <span word="wrote">wrote</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="paper">paper</span>， <span word="leaving">leaving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="musicians">musicians</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="backs">backs</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="written">written</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="score">score</span>. <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="piece">piece</span>， <span word="however">however</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="song">song</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="point">point</span>， <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="skeletal">skeletal</span> <span word="guide">guide</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="musicians">musicians</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="improvise">improvise</span> <span word="around">around</span>. <span word="actually">actually</span>， <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="musicians">musicians</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="sight">sight</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="couldnt">couldnt</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span>. <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span>， <span word="these">these</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="musicians">musicians</span> <span word="couldnt">couldnt</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="stuck">stuck</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="menial">menial</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="living">living</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="orleans">orleans</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="musicians">musicians</span> <span word="included">included</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="memorable">memorable</span> <span word="players">players</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="joe">joe</span> <span word="oliver">oliver</span>， <span word="kid">kid</span> <span word="ory">ory</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="jelly">jelly</span> <span word="roll">roll</span> <span word="morton">morton</span>. <span word="these">these</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="formed">formed</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="bands">bands</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="musicians">musicians</span>， <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="complexity">complexity</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="success">success</span>. <span word="this">this</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="hot">hot</span> <span word="jazz">jazz</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enormously">enormously</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="speeds">speeds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rhythmic">rhythmic</span> <span word="drive">drive</span>.</p>
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