2015考研英语作文素材的精选 十
<p> 2015考研英语作文素材精选</p><p> 35.<span word="Oil">Oil</span> <span word="Refining">Refining</span></p><p> <span word="An">An</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>, <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="refining">refining</span>, <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Civil">Civil</span> <span word="war">war</span>. <span word="Crude">Crude</span> <span word="oil">oil</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="petroleum">petroleum</span> - <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dark">dark</span>, <span word="thick">thick</span> <span word="ooze">ooze</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span> - <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1850<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Samuel">Samuel</span> <span word="M">M</span>. <span word="Kier">Kier</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="manufacturer">manufacturer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</span>, <span word="began">began</span> <span word="collecting">collecting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="seepages">seepages</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="refining">refining</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="kerosene">kerosene</span>. <span word="Refining">Refining</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="smelting">smelting</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="removing">removing</span> <span word="impurities">impurities</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="raw">raw</span> <span word="material">material</span>.</p><p> <span word="Kerosene">Kerosene</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="lamps">lamps</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cheap">cheap</span> <span word="substitute">substitute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="whale">whale</span> <span word="oil">oil</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span>. <span word="Soon">Soon</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="demand">demand</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="kerosene">kerosene</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="search">search</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="supplies">supplies</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="petroleum">petroleum</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="drilled">drilled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="E">E</span>.<span word="L">L</span>. <span word="Drake">Drake</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="retired">retired</span> <span word="railroad">railroad</span> <span word="conductor">conductor</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1859 <span word="he">he</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="drilling">drilling</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Titusville">Titusville</span>, <span word="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="venture">venture</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="impractical">impractical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="foolish">foolish</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="onlookers">onlookers</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="it">it</span><span word="Drakes">Drakes</span> <span word="Folly">Folly</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="drilled">drilled</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="about">about</span> 70 <span word="feet">feet</span>, <span word="Drake">Drake</span> <span word="struck">struck</span> <span word="oil">oil</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="yield">yield</span> 20 <span word="barrels">barrels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="crude">crude</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>.</p><p> <span word="News">News</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Drakes">Drakes</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="prospectors">prospectors</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scene">scene</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 1860<span word="s">s</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="wildcatters">wildcatters</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="drilling">drilling</span> <span word="for">for</span><span word="black">black</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boom">boom</span> <span word="rivaled">rivaled</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="rush">rush</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1848 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="excitement">excitement</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Wild">Wild</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prospectors">prospectors</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="rush">rush</span>.</p><p> <span word="Crude">Crude</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="refined">refined</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="products">products</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="kerosene">kerosene</span> <span word="continued">continued</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="one">one</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sold">sold</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="grocery">grocery</span> <span word="stores">stores</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="door">door</span>-<span word="to">to</span>-<span word="door">door</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1880<span word="s">s</span> <span word="refiners">refiners</span> <span word="learned">learned</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="petroleum">petroleum</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="waxes">waxes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lubricating">lubricating</span> <span word="oils">oils</span>. <span word="Petroleum">Petroleum</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="gasoline">gasoline</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="heating">heating</span> <span word="oil">oil</span>.</p>
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