真题长难句详细解析 (11)
<p> 考研英语真题长难句详细解析</p><p> 1. <span word="This">This</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="unaware">unaware</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="disadvantage">disadvantage</span>, <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alphabet">alphabet</span>.</p><p> 【译文】但是有一种隐蔽的形式还在蔓延：按字母表顺序排名。对于尚未意识到其危害的人来说，它指的是对那些姓氏起始字母位于字母表后半部的人的歧视。</p><p> 【析句】句子的主干是<span word="This">This</span> <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="those">those</span>。其中，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="unaware">unaware</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="disadvantage">disadvantage</span>是插入语，<span word="those">those</span>是介词<span word="for">for</span>的宾语，形容词短语<span word="unaware">unaware</span> <span word="of">of</span>作<span word="those">those</span>的定语;第二个<span word="those">those</span>是<span word="against">against</span>的宾语，后面是<span word="whose">whose</span>引导的定语从句修饰<span word="those">those</span>。</p><p> 2. <span word="Thus">Thus</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vice">vice</span>-<span word="president">president</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="respectively">respectively</span>; <span word="and">and</span> 26 <span word="of">of</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="Bushs">Bushs</span> <span word="predecessors">predecessors</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alphabet">alphabet</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="just">just</span> 16 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="half">half</span>.</p><p> 【译文】如此这般，美国的总统和副总统的姓氏分别是以<span word="B">B</span>和<span word="C">C</span>字母起头。乔治布什的前任有二十六位的姓氏均在字母表的前半部，而姓氏在字母表后半部的却仅有十六位。</p><p> 【析句】句子的主干是<span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vice">vice</span>-<span word="president">president</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span>...; <span word="and">and</span> 26 <span word="of">of</span>...<span word="predecessors">predecessors</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span>。其中，<span word="and">and</span>将本句分为两个并列分句，第一个分句即<span word="American">American</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vice">vice</span>-<span word="president">president</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span>，第二个分句是26 <span word="ofhad">ofhad</span> <span word="surnames">surnames</span>。第一个分句的宾语<span word="surnames">surnames</span>后是现在分词结构<span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="with">with</span>作定语;第二个分句宾语紧跟的介词结构<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alphabet">alphabet</span>作定语。</p>
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