考研英语作文冲刺之小作文写作技巧三
<p> 写作注意事项： 1.审题要认真 短文的标题是对全文的高度概括。通过认真审题来确定标题的核心词或者说关键词,依此来整理思路。因此,考生看到试题后绝对不能提笔就写,而是应该认真审题,看清题目的要求和提示,充分利用题目所提供的信息、关键词所圈定的范围,在确立主题后再动笔。 如从标题 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Misery">Misery</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Shyness">Shyness</span> 中得知,考生不但要解释说明 <span word="Shyness">Shyness</span> ,更重要的是要突出由 <span word="Shyness">Shyness</span> 带来的<span word="Misery">Misery</span> 。至此,短文要重点阐述带来了什么<span word="Misery">Misery</span> 。 2.文体要统一 正式文体的文章不宜用非正式的语句。有些考生在一篇很正式的议论文中用以下的句子做结语 <span word="OK">OK</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>.或是<span word="Thats">Thats</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>. <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span>？等等,使文章显得不伦不类。 3.主题要突出 标题如果是 <span word="Pollution">Pollution</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Cars">Cars</span> 或 <span word="Air">Air</span> <span word="Pollution">Pollution</span> ,以下段落的阐述显得有些赘述 1 <span word="Part">Part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worlds">worlds</span> <span word="exploding">exploding</span> <span word="population">population</span>. 2 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="undoubtedly">undoubtedly</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="factories">factories</span> <span word="polluting">polluting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="air">air</span>. 3 <span word="Besides">Besides</span>, <span word="land">land</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="increased">increased</span>. 4 <span word="Pollution">Pollution</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="threatening">threatening</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="health">health</span>, <span word="our">our</span> <span word="happiness">happiness</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="civilization">civilization</span>.尤其是第三句,还有点跑题。 4.文字要连贯 一篇好文章要注重连贯性。连贯性主要体现在句子与句子、段落与段落的衔接上,这种衔接要通过过渡词语来实现,以达到文章通顺,语言流畅。例如 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="television">television</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="vividly">vividly</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="dramatic">dramatic</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="importance">importance</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="wars">wars</span>, <span word="games">games</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="cover">cover</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="stories">stories</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="detail">detail</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="deserve">deserve</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="limitation">limitation</span>. <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span>, <span word="print">print</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="excels">excels</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="devote">devote</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="space">space</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="sees">sees</span> <span word="fit">fit</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="compete">compete</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="television">television</span> <span word="visually">visually</span>. <span word="Besides">Besides</span>, <span word="television">television</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="essentially">essentially</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="passive">passive</span> <span word="medium">medium</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="but">but</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span>, <span word="though">though</span>, <span word="besides">besides</span> 这些过渡词把句子从语义上连接起来,形成一个有机的整体,读起来犹如行云流水,自然酣畅。 5.内容要一致 要删除多余的词语,否则, 一是破坏了文章的一致性, 二是有凑字数之嫌。如 1 <span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="destroyus">destroyus</span>.2 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="explosion">explosion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="bomb">bomb</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="kill">kill</span> <span word="millions">millions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="disease">disease</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="deformity">deformity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="generation">generation</span>.3 <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="limited">limited</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="resources">resources</span>, <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="possibilities">possibilities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="power">power</span>.4 <span word="And">And</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> <span word="damage">damage</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="affected">affected</span> <span word="area">area</span>5 <span word="Whats">Whats</span> <span word="more">more</span>, <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="safe">safe</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="dispose">dispose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="radioactive">radioactive</span> <span word="wastes">wastes</span>. 本段中的第三句与主题不符, 也与第二和第四句不连贯, 应删除。 6.表达方式要多样化 词、句型使用的多样化不仅给文章增加了色彩和可读性,与此同时也可反映考生的词汇量和语言掌握的程度等。为避免文章平淡、呆板, 可使用不同的句式强调句、倒装句、否定句等等。长短句使用合理相间,用短句表达有力的结论,用长句体现严密的逻辑关系。考生在举例说明的段落中尤其要注意词语的多样性。 7.考点要覆盖全 无论是什么形式的写作都有写作内容上的要求,一般为三个方面。考生在动笔前一定要看清写作内容上的要求,以确保文章覆盖所有考点。 8.语言要流畅 评分标准已清楚地告诉考生文章要语言流畅、字句通顺、表达准确, 这是得高分的基础。 <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="million">million</span> <span word="pounds">pounds</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="pet">pet</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="bills">bills</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="furniture">furniture</span>.1 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="resentful">resentful</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="considers">considers</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="victims">victims</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="starvation">starvation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="poverty">poverty</span>,2 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="unusual">unusual</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="hot">hot</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="collar">collar</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="his">his</span> ／<span word="her">her</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="cat">cat</span> <span word="home">home</span>. 这两句在表达意义上用词十分到位,随着两个 <span word="when">when</span> 引导的状语从句内容的递进,主句对表现气愤程度的加强通过用词的不同而表达得淋漓尽致；排比结构的运用使观点更加明确在1 中 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="not">not</span> 和 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="resentful">resentful</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="this">this</span> 与2 中的 <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="unusual">unusual</span> 和 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="hot">hot</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="collar">collar</span> 词语表达极其准确。这需要考生在平时大量阅读文章时多注意积累好的语言表达。 9.首尾要呼应 上述几项被阅卷者称为闪光点 ,即加分的因素。除此而外, 更重要的一点是要注意文章的完整性,即首尾要呼应。 10.检查要到位 这个重要环节往往被考生忽略不计,而因为少了这个环节所造成的后果真可谓是功亏一篑。在阅卷过程中,时不时会发现 <span word="ourself">ourself</span>、<span word="thinked">thinked</span>、<span word="the">the</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> ,而这些会酿成不良后果的错误完全可在一两分钟的时间内检查、修改完成。所以, 在写完短文后, 要耐心地再读一遍 </p>
页:
[1]