英语六级的写作备战
<p> 第三单元 如何写好主题句 3．1关于写主题句的建议 1）要写合乎语法的句子 <span word="Example">Example</span> 1： <span word="Two">Two</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="Civil">Civil</span> <span word="War">War</span>． 这个句子是个不完整的句子，不合乎语法，因此不能用作主题句。 <span word="Example">Example</span> 2： <span word="There">There</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="Civil">Civil</span> <span word="War">War</span>． 重写后的句子合乎语法，是个较好的主题句。 2）要使用限写词限定主题 为了正确表达观点，好的主题句经常使用关键词或词组，即限制词（<span word="controllers">controllers</span>）限制这一观点。 <span word="Example">Example</span> 3： <span word="Air">Air</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="convenient">convenient</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span>． 从上例主题句我们得知作者将要写 <span word="air">air</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> （ <span word="topic">topic</span>），他将要把 <span word="train">train</span> （ <span word="aspect">aspect</span>）和 <span word="air">air</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> 作比较，并且陈述 <span word="reasons">reasons</span> 。由此可见，作者在 <span word="aspect">aspect</span> （方面）和 <span word="reason">reason</span> （原因）两方面限制他的主题。 3）要注意主题的可写性 所定的主题不能太笼统，也不能太具体。 <span word="Example">Example</span> 4： <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Hemingways">Hemingways</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="Soldier">Soldier</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="Home">Home</span> ，<span word="Krebs">Krebs</span> <span word="tells">tells</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Gods">Gods</span> <span word="Kingdom">Kingdom</span>． 这个句子太具体以至于无东西可写，无法展开段落。 <span word="Example">Example</span> 5： <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Hemingways">Hemingways</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="Soldier">Soldier</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="Home">Home</span> ， <span word="Kreb">Kreb</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lonely">lonely</span>， <span word="cynical">cynical</span> <span word="veteran">veteran</span>． 这个句子可作为主题句，因为可以围绕 <span word="lonely">lonely</span>，<span word="cynical">cynical</span> 展开段落。 <span word="Example">Example</span> 6： <span word="Let">Let</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="overpopulation">overpopulation</span>． 这个句子太笼统，作为一个段落的主题太大，难于驾驭。 <span word="Example">Example</span> 7： <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="sorapidly">sorapidly</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>？ 这个句子是个较好的主题句，作者用 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="overpopulation">overpopulation</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="decades">decades</span> ，从 原因 （<span word="cause">cause</span>）和 时间 （<span word="time">time</span>）两方面限制了主题，能在一个段落内论述。 <span word="Exercise">Exercise</span> 3-1 <span word="Directions">Directions</span>： <span word="Identify">Identify</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="limit">limit</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span>． 3．1．1 <span word="Soccer">Soccer</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>． <span word="S">S</span>． <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span>． <span word="Topic">Topic</span>：_____________ <span word="Limitations">Limitations</span>：________________________________________________ 3．1．2 <span word="Pollution">Pollution</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>． <span word="Topic">Topic</span>：______________ <span word="Limitations">Limitations</span>：________________________________________________ 3．1．3<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="memory">memory</span>： <span word="short">short</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span>． <span word="Topic">Topic</span>：____________ <span word="Limitations">Limitations</span>：________________________________________________ 3．1．4 <span word="Women">Women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="today">today</span>． <span word="Topic">Topic</span>：____________ <span word="Limitations">Limitations</span>：________________________________________________ 3．1．5 <span word="Women">Women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>． <span word="Topic">Topic</span>：____________ <span word="Limitations">Limitations</span>：________________________________________________ <span word="Exercise">Exercise</span> 3-2 <span word="Directions">Directions</span>： <span word="Write">Write</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="topics">topics</span>，<span word="limiting">limiting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="ways">ways</span>． 3． 2． 1 <span word="Topic">Topic</span>： <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 1：__________________________________________ <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 2：___________________________________________ 3．2．2 <span word="Topic">Topic</span>： <span word="college">college</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 1：__________________________________________ <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 2：__________________________________________ 3．2．3 <span word="Topic">Topic</span>： <span word="women">women</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 1：__________________________________________ <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 2：__________________________________________ 3．2．4 <span word="Topic">Topic</span>：<span word="crime">crime</span> <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 1：__________________________________________ <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span> 2：__________________________________________ <span word="Exercise">Exercise</span> 3-3 <span word="Directions">Directions</span>： <span word="Read">Read</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="paragraphs">paragraphs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="missing">missing</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span>． （1） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ <span word="Iceland">Iceland</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="flag">flag</span>， <span word="for">for</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>， <span word="stands">stands</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="features">features</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span>．<span word="Red">Red</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fire">fire</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Iceland">Iceland</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="volcanoes">volcanoes</span>． <span word="White">White</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>． <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountains">mountains</span>． <span word="On">On</span> <span word="India">India</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="flag">flag</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blue">blue</span> <span word="wheel">wheel</span> <span word="stands">stands</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="peace">peace</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="progress">progress</span>． <span word="The">The</span> <span word="white">white</span> <span word="stripe">stripe</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="truth">truth</span>． <span word="The">The</span> <span word="black">black</span> <span word="stripe">stripe</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flag">flag</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Malawi">Malawi</span> <span word="stands">stands</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Negro">Negro</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="African">African</span> <span word="and">and</span>． <span word="The">The</span> <span word="red">red</span> <span word="stripe">stripe</span> <span word="represents">represents</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blood">blood</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="shed">shed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="rule">rule</span>． （2） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span> <span word="dictionary">dictionary</span> ，<span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="refered">refered</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="general">general</span>-<span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="dictionary">dictionary</span>． <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pronouncing">pronouncing</span> <span word="dictionary">dictionary</span>， <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="concerned">concerned</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="pronunciation">pronunciation</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span>． <span word="A">A</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bilingual">bilingual</span> <span word="dictionary">dictionary</span>， <span word="which">which</span> <span word="lists">lists</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="equivalent">equivalent</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="language">language</span>． <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="types">types</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="dictionaries">dictionaries</span>， <span word="special">special</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="dictionaries">dictionaries</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="scholarly">scholarly</span> <span word="dictionaries">dictionaries</span>．</p>
页:
[1]