英语六级写作分段逐句指导之推展句
<p> 例1： <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="affecting">affecting</span> <span word="climate">climate</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="factor">factor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mount">mount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sunlight">sunlight</span> <span word="received">received</span>. <span word="Altitude">Altitude</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="height">height</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="level">level</span>, <span word="also">also</span> <span word="determines">determines</span> <span word="climate">climate</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="oceans">oceans</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="adjacent">adjacent</span> <span word="land">land</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span>, <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="influenced">influenced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="circulation">circulation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span>. 主题句指出影响气候的几个因素。然后用四个扩展句说明四种因素。第一种是太阳光的接收量，第二种是海拔高度，第三句和第四句分别是海洋和大气环流因素。 2.2 次要推展句 次要推展句是指对主要推展句作进一步的事实分析和举例说明。它从属于某一个或某几个推展句。 例2：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="teach">teach</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="teaching">teaching</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="me">me</span>. <span word="Teaching">Teaching</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="attempted">attempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="earn">earn</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="living">living</span>: <span word="mechanic">mechanic</span>, <span word="carpenter">carpenter</span>, <span word="writer">writer</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="me">me</span>, <span word="teaching">teaching</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="red">red</span>-<span word="eye">eye</span>, <span word="sweaty">sweaty</span>-<span word="palm">palm</span>, <span word="sinking">sinking</span>-<span word="stomach">stomach</span> <span word="profession">profession</span>. <span word="Red">Red</span>-<span word="eye">eye</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="teach">teach</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="preparing">preparing</span>. <span word="Sweaty">Sweaty</span>-<span word="palm">palm</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="Im">Im</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="nervous">nervous</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="enter">enter</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>, <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fool">fool</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span>. <span word="Sinking">Sinking</span>-<span word="stomach">stomach</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="convinced">convinced</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="boring">boring</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="usual">usual</span>. 从属于主要推展句2的三个次要推展句起着解释说明作用，分别解释<span word="red">red</span>-<span word="eye">eye</span>, <span word="sweaty">sweaty</span>-<span word="palm">palm</span>, <span word="sinking">sinking</span>-<span word="stomach">stomach</span>的含义，这就更加形象生动地证明了 <span word="teaching">teaching</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> 这个主题。 2.3 主要推展句与次要推展句的关系 主要推展句与次要推展句的关系基本可以遵循下面的三部分规则。 1〕每个主要推展句都应该是对主题句中表示主要思想的关键词的直接、明确的说明。 2〕每个次要推展句都应该说明它的主要推展句。 3〕含有讨论说明或分析的问题通常既要有主要推展素材，又要有次要推展素材。 2.4 写好推展句的方法 主题句及关键词确定后，开始选择和主题有关的信息和素材。实质上，针对关键词测试每一个所选择的素材就是一个分类的过程。有一种常用的方法就是句子展开前加以设问，然后解答，即设问-解答的方法。下面我们通过举例来看一看这种分类过程是如何完成的。例3： 假设 <span word="Topic">Topic</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span>: <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="language">language</span>? 设问 <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="language">language</span>? 解答 <span word="Because">Because</span>: <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="spoken">spoken</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="pilots">pilots</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="airport">airport</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="operators">operators</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="airways">airways</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span>: <span word="Over">Over</span> 70 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worlds">worlds</span> <span word="mail">mail</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="written">written</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span>: <span word="More">More</span> <span word="than">than</span> 60 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worlds">worlds</span> <span word="radio">radio</span> <span word="programs">programs</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span>: <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="colonies">colonies</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span>: <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Language">Language</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="selected">selected</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="English">English</span>-<span word="spoken">spoken</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>. 从上面可以看出，最初的三个推展句是和关键词<span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="language">language</span>一致的。第四句和主题句不统一，尽管第四句会成为另一主题句很好的推展句。第五句说服力不强。 当然，在写成段落时，没有必要在每个句子开头写上 <span word="because">because</span>，但是，在动笔展开句子时，头脑里要想着这个词，这种检验方法能帮助你把注意力集中在某个重心，围绕主题思想层层展开。 上面我们讨论了主要推展句的一种展开方法。而展开次要推展句的方法与主要推展句类似，这里我们就不再复述了。</p>
页:
[1]