英语写作3个基本点之完整性
<p> 完整性</p><p> 正象我们前面说得那样，一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样，虽然有推展句，但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待，给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如：</p><p> <span word="Physical">Physical</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="turmoil">turmoil</span>. <span word="Work">Work</span> <span word="concentrates">concentrates</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="thoughts">thoughts</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="concrete">concrete</span> <span word="task">task</span>. <span word="Besides">Besides</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> ---- <span word="you">you</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="anxiety">anxiety</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="depression">depression</span>.</p><p> 本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是<span word="a">a</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="turmoil">turmoil</span>(心境不平静) <span word="Physical">Physical</span> <span word="work">work</span>又如何能改变这种情况?为什么它能起<span word="therapy">therapy</span>的作用?读者得不到明确的答案。由于四级统考的作文部分只要求写一篇 100～120个词的三段式短文，每一段只有大约40个词左右，因此，要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如：</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="words">words</span>. <span word="Often">Often</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="clearer">clearer</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="means">means</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="careful">careful</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="it">it</span>.</p><p> 段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法，必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释，整个段落内容空洞，简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话，就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段：</p>
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