英语四六级强调句型的用法讲与练
<p> 强调句型是英语中常用句子结构，又是高考中的常见考点，其基本结构为：<span word="It">It</span> + <span word="be">be</span>+ 被强调部分+<span word="that">that</span>+句子其余部分。现将其用法归纳如下:</p><p> 1. 强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词、表语、补语、让步状语、条件状语等。</p><p> 例如 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="park">park</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="mat">mat</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span>. <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="thinks">thinks</span> <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="clever">clever</span> <span word="boy">boy</span>. (强调主语)</p><p> 2. 强调句型中，连接词一般用<span word="that">that</span>，如被强调的部分是人，也可用<span word="who">who</span>/<span word="whom">whom</span>，其他一律用<span word="that">that</span>，不能用<span word="which">which</span>, <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="when">when</span>等，即使被强调的是物、时间状语或地点状语。</p><p> 例如 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gate">gate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="inspectors">inspectors</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="head">head</span>-<span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="that">that</span>/ <span word="who">who</span>/<span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="help">help</span>.</p><p> 3. 强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，单数还是复数，<span word="be">be</span>动词一律用单数<span word="is">is</span>/<span word="was">was</span>形式，如果原句的谓语动词是一般过去时，就用<span word="was">was</span>; 是一般现在时，就用<span word="is">is</span>。也可以用情态动词+<span word="be">be</span>形式。</p><p> 例如 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="farmers">farmers</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="liberation">liberation</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Mary">Mary</span>.</p><p> 4. 强调句型也有疑问句形式，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句的强调形式，只需将<span word="is">is</span>/ <span word="was">was</span> 提前，移至句首即可，即：<span word="Is">Is</span>/ <span word="Was">Was</span> <span word="it">it</span><span word="that">that</span> 。特殊疑问句的强调形式，须将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即：疑问词(被强调部分)+<span word="is">is</span>/<span word="was">was</span> + <span word="it">it</span> + <span word="that">that</span> + 句子其余部分。</p>
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