四六级考试猜词技巧大补贴
<p> 在英语学习中，我们自然会遇到许多生词。这时，许多人立即翻阅字典，查找词义。 其实，这种做法是不科学的。它不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度。事实上，阅读材 料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。我们可以利用语 境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。猜测词义时，可利用以下线索：</p><p> 一 针对性解释</p><p> 针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或 词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。</p><p> 1. 根据定义猜测词义如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例如：<span word="anthropology">anthropology</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="man">man</span>. 由定义可知，<span word="anthropology">anthropology</span>就是研究人类的科学。<span word="In">In</span> <span word="slang">slang</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="term">term</span> <span word="jam">jam</span> <span word="constitutes">constitutes</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="personfinds">personfinds</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="herself">herself</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="situation">situation</span>. 同样，从上下文的定义可知<span word="jam">jam</span>一词在俚语中的意思是困境。定义句的谓语动词多为：<span word="be">be</span>, <span word="mean">mean</span>, <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span>, <span word="be">be</span> <span word="considered">considered</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span>, <span word="refer">refer</span> <span word="to">to</span>,<span word="be">be</span> <span word="called">called</span>, <span word="be">be</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="define">define</span>, <span word="represent">represent</span>, <span word="signify">signify</span>, <span word="constitute">constitute</span>等。</p><p> 2根据复述猜测词义</p><p> 虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。同位语<span word="Semantics">Semantics</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="tospeak">tospeak</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="intelligently">intelligently</span>.</p>
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