名师分析英语四级翻译主要考点
<p> 四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词，句中的一部分已用英文给出，考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时间5分钟。翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。若考生语法功底较好且句型和词组储备丰富，那么此题不会太为难。和作文相比，翻译虽只是个把句子，但来路不明难以猜测。作文尚可背诵模板以备执笔急需之用，而翻译则全无，它微小零星却锋利难防，并将考生模板式作文的画皮扯下，暴露其撰句能力的真实面目，所以令人可畏。 根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对某项语法重复考察率比较高，所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。下面所提一些重点语法项目，并提出一些建议，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 句型以及其倒装使用 2008年6月翻译真题第91题： __________________________<span word="did">did</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="realize">realize</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="seriously">seriously</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>. 建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型 <span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="only">only</span> ..<span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="So">So</span> <span word="that">that</span>。. <span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="until">until</span>。 <span word="Neither">Neither</span>..<span word="nor">nor</span>。. <span word="Hardly">Hardly</span> ..<span word="when">when</span>。. <span word="No">No</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span> <span word="than">than</span>。 <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="by">by</span> /<span word="through">through</span> /<span word="in">in</span> ., 。. 例：<span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="only">only</span> __________ <span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="repair">repair</span>. 从句 <span word="a">a</span>. 定语从句 2008年12月翻译真题第87题： <span word="Medical">Medical</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="painfully">painfully</span> <span word="aware">aware</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> _________________ <span word="b">b</span>. 状语从句 真题中出现过如<span word="if">if</span> 条件状语从句，<span word="no">no</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>引导的让步状语从句 建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词<span word="which">which</span>/ <span word="that">that</span>等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词<span word="where">where</span>/ <span word="when">when</span>/<span word="how">how</span> 所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句，继续复习如时间状语从句，方式状语从句，因果状语从句等其他类状语从句。除却定语从句，状语从句外，名词性从句也需加强，如宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句甚至主语从句。 非谓语动词 <span word="a">a</span>. 分词做伴随状语 2008年6月第90题： ______________ <span word="this">this</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="prosperous">prosperous</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exciting">exciting</span>. 注意，答案中除过去分词做伴随外，还含有<span word="where">where</span>引导的定语从句。 <span word="b">b</span>. 动词不定式做目的状语 2006年6月第88题 _____________，<span word="Mother">Mother</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="her">her</span>. 建议：由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外，还包括动名词，但尚未考察过，所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之动名词情况。 其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级，情态动词。 常用词组：尤其是动介词组，如<span word="adapt">adapt</span> <span word="to">to</span> ., <span word="have">have</span> <span word="trouble">trouble</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> ， <span word="be">be</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>. , <span word="attribute">attribute</span> <span word="to">to</span>。.等类似样式。 作文是表达自己，可以随心所愿，而翻译是表达别人，被动且受制。学习翻译，尝试放下过分的自我，顺服接受，反而会行得更容易些。 </p>
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