6月英语四六级篇章词汇理解题应试技巧
<p> 形容词的选择和使用 1.在<span word="BE">BE</span>动词或系动词后，可以选择使用形容词做表语，即<span word="be">be</span>/<span word="link">link</span> <span word="v">v</span>.+<span word="adj">adj</span>. 2.副词可以修饰形容词，如果空格前是副词，也可以考虑空格处是否应为形容词; 例如：<span word="however">however</span>, <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="completely">completely</span> ----- <span word="what">what</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="affects">affects</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span>. 解释：本句缺少的是<span word="ARE">ARE</span>的表语，因为空格前有副词<span word="completely">completely</span>，可排除空格处为名词的可能性，空格处应为形容词或动词的分词形式。 副词的选择和使用 如果空格处所在的句子有完整的主语和谓语，这时应该考虑此处是否需要一个副词，可以被用来修饰该动词的一种程度状态。如果空格处所在的句子结构完整，所需的只会是定语或者状语之类的辅助成分。例如副词可以作为辅助成分。 分词的选择和使用 1.过去分词可以用作形容词，表示其修饰的那个名词是一种被动发生或者已经发生的事情; 2.现在分词可以被用作形容词，表示其修饰的名词为一种主动的或者正在发生的事情。 上下文语境巧记活用 1.利用篇章主题确定词义范围与色彩 例如：<span word="after">after</span> <span word="intensive">intensive</span> <span word="research">research</span>, <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="concluded">concluded</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="politicians">politicians</span> <span word="lie">lie</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Britains">Britains</span> <span word="Observer">Observer</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span>, <span word="Glen">Glen</span> <span word="Newey">Newey</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Britains">Britains</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Strathclyde">Strathclyde</span>, <span word="concluded">concluded</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="lying">lying</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> ------<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="democracy">democracy</span>. 解释：根据上文提到的内容与<span word="politician">politician</span>, <span word="political">political</span>, <span word="democracy">democracy</span>等词，可推断本话题是政治，政治制度等。如果词库提供的名词有<span word="politics">politics</span>, <span word="journalists">journalists</span>, <span word="affairs">affairs</span>, <span word="mechanism">mechanism</span>, <span word="risk">risk</span>等，很明显，与主题密切相关的应为<span word="politics">politics</span>。 2.利用各句之间的逻辑关系确定词义范围与色彩 并列关系:<span word="and">and</span> <span word="also">also</span>, <span word="likewise">likewise</span>, <span word="similarly">similarly</span> 递进关系:<span word="additionally">additionally</span>, <span word="furthermore">furthermore</span>, <span word="moreover">moreover</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="addition">addition</span> 因果关系:<span word="since">since</span>, <span word="thus">thus</span>, <span word="hence">hence</span>, <span word="consequently">consequently</span>, <span word="accordingly">accordingly</span>, <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>, <span word="now">now</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="such">such</span>....<span word="that">that</span> 转折关系:<span word="otherwise">otherwise</span>, <span word="whereas">whereas</span>, <span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>, <span word="unfortunately">unfortunately</span> 让步关系:<span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span> 条件关系:<span word="in">in</span> <span word="case">case</span> 2.阅读选项,词性分类 例如：动词：<span word="participate">participate</span>, <span word="illustrate">illustrate</span>, <span word="donate">donate</span>捐献 <span word="reject">reject</span>拒绝，反对，否定 <span word="droop">droop</span>枯萎，低垂 <span word="hie">hie</span>匆忙赶去 <span word="count">count</span>有重要性，有价值，计算 <span word="glow">glow</span>发热，高兴，热情洋溢喜悦，满足的心情 <span word="touchstone">touchstone</span>试金石，标准 <span word="calm">calm</span>使平静，使镇定平静，镇定平静的，镇定的 <span word="exist">exist</span>存在，生存 <span word="estimate">estimate</span>估计 <span word="strike">strike</span>打击 <span word="notify">notify</span>通知 <span word="retail">retail</span>零售 <span word="generate">generate</span>产生 <span word="insult">insult</span>冒犯，侮辱 <span word="purchase">purchase</span>购买 形容词：<span word="financial">financial</span>, <span word="productive">productive</span>生产的，多产的 <span word="credible">credible</span>可信的，可靠的 <span word="controversial">controversial</span>有争议的，爱争论的 <span word="tight">tight</span>紧的 <span word="astonished">astonished</span>惊讶的使...惊讶 <span word="sufficient">sufficient</span>充分的 <span word="ingenious">ingenious</span>机灵的，巧妙的，有创造性的 <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="tropical">tropical</span>完全的 <span word="stable">stable</span>稳定的 <span word="destructive">destructive</span>破坏性的 <span word="extreme">extreme</span>极度的，最高的 <span word="affordable">affordable</span>买得起的 <span word="voluntary">voluntary</span>自愿的 <span word="excessive">excessive</span>过多的，过分的 副词：<span word="reluctantly">reluctantly</span>不情愿的 <span word="completely">completely</span>完全的 <span word="deliberately">deliberately</span>故意的 <span word="technically">technically</span>技术上的 <span word="really">really</span>真正的 <span word="primarily">primarily</span>首要的，主要的 名词：<span word="potential">potential</span>潜能，能力可能的，潜在的 <span word="individual">individual</span>个人，个体个人的，独自的，个体的 <span word="intellectual">intellectual</span>知识分子，智力的，理性的 <span word="florist">florist</span>花商，花店 <span word="replacement">replacement</span>替换，替代品 <span word="privilege">privilege</span>特权 <span word="store">store</span>商店 <span word="manners">manners</span>礼貌，风格，方式，方法 <span word="figures">figures</span>数字，外形，外貌，人物描绘，塑造，表示，认为，演算 <span word="eagerness">eagerness</span>热心热诚 <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span>现实 <span word="strength">strength</span>力量 <span word="starvation">starvation</span>饥饿 <span word="exhaustion">exhaustion</span>疲惫，筋疲力尽 <span word="scale">scale</span>尺度，天平 <span word="gap">gap</span>差距，间隙 介词：<span word="beyond">beyond</span> 多于...，超过 3.照应前后,灵活选择 问题：<span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span>----<span word="once">once</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="force">force</span>.为什么应该填入构成被动被动语态的过去分词? 4.复读全文,谨慎调整 方法：只要选项里有出现课本上的单词或词组，选它。 真正的有效的背单词的办法是从文章中,课文中,大量的阅读中去记住单词. 注意: 1 名词和动词的一词多义现象,对一个单词只掌握一种相对呆滞的一个意思是非常影响阅读质量的; 2 词汇的近义,反义词的掌握,4级考试中正确答案往往是原文的同意改写; 3 形容词和副词的意思,以及褒贬性,这直接有利于我们判断作者的态度及文章主旨,段落大意; 4 重点掌握住一些固定词组搭配; 5 对单词字义的揣测,一般只通过单词所在句或者前后句内容就能猜出。</p>
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