大学英语英语六级考试综合题高分经验谈
<p> 英语六级考试中的完型填空，按照大纲的规定，是在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文内留有20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。这一题型的特点在于它的综合性，也就是说，它对于考生的阅读能力，语法分析能力，词汇熟练掌握程度都进行了考查，因而具有相当的难度。下面我们来进行具体分析。 一、考查内容及相应的知识技巧 1. 阅读及对文意的把握 完型填空的题干是以文章的形式出现的，它首先考查的就是考生的阅读能力。具体地说，这种阅读能力，主要指的是阅读速度以及对文章脉络的把握。 首先是阅读的速度。完型填空要求考生要有快速阅读的能力。在考试中，通常应该通读文章以了解其大意，而通读的时间一般应当限制在3分钟左右。如果时间过长，会使我们获取的信息淡化或者忘却，同时也不利于文章脉络的把握。 阅读速度的培养，说到底是一个阅读习惯的问题。我们在平常的英语学习中，已经养成了自己的阅读习惯，而习惯是否科学，则要进行分析。一般来说，默读，也即仅仅用眼睛获取信息，不出声，嘴巴也不动，是可以获得较高的速度的。同时，要注意阅读时精力高度的集中和正确的姿势，避免多余的身体动作。 其次是对文章脉络的把握。要在快速阅读中很好地把握文章的脉络，就必须在读的同时，对于每一个意群的大意进行概括。概括应尽量简短有利于记忆。譬如下面的一段话： <span word="Data">Data</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="itinerary">itinerary</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="individualsleep">individualsleep</span> ___76___ <span word="are">are</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="trip">trip</span> <span word="guide">guide</span> <span word="with">with</span> ___77___ <span word="on">on</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="exposd">exposd</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bright">bright</span> <span word="light">light</span>。这段话的意思是在基于具体的飞行线路和个人的睡眠模式编写的旅行指南上有关于何时受光的说明。我们在概括的时候，可以简记为指南的编写依据及内容或者干脆就是指南一依据一内容。了解了每个意群的意义之后，将你的概括串起来，就是文章的脉络了。需要注意的是，对于衔接词，应该有充分的注意。例如<span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>。<span word="however">however</span>，<span word="but">but</span>等词。遇到它们时，可以做一些记号.以免忽略。它们对于文章的脉络是有重要意义的。 2. 词汇的掌握词汇是英语学习的基础，也是完型填空题考查的重点。 在完型填空的20道题中，直接考查词汇的占了绝大部分。对于词汇的学习，需要注意的问题如下： 首先是如何记单词的问题。就我的经验而言，通过阅读的形式记忆，同时通过做词汇题的形式来加深对于重点词汇的印象是比较好的选择。当然，背诵词汇手册也是必要的，但应该占用不太多的时间。 其次是记忆到什么程度的问题。我认为，一般的词汇只要遇到时了解其意思就可以了，不需要对它们的拼写过分关注。重点的词汇则要特别注意。至于什么是重点词汇，你在平时的练习中接触较多的就是，这就要求我们对平时的练习要注重，要通过它掌握一定的知识。 3. 语法 英语的语法是比较简单的。我们要注意的是一些特殊的语法规则。例如虚拟句的时态选择等。我的学习方法是将遇到的此类规则加以总结并及时强化记忆，这样或许就足够了。还有一种做法是将遇到的语法考题加以摘抄记忆，效果也是不错的。 二、历年试题分析和总结 在准备六级考试时，一种有效的方法，就是对所做过的题目进行分析和总结。及时的分析和总结，可以使我们免于题海战术的苦恼。大学英语考试所涵盖的知识点，其总量和可考查的内容是有限的，进行必要的总结工作，可以达到尽快掌握可考知识点的效果。 1.分析和总结的对象 对于完型填空题目的分析和总结，主要是集中在词汇方面，其次是语法方面。分析和总结的目的，是对准备过程中所遇到的知识点加以集中化。就分析和总结的对象而言，首先是历年的真题，其次是信度较高的模拟试题，也就是我们平时所说的名家所出的试题集。 2.分析和总结的方法 简而言之，分析，主要是针对自己所做错的题目，以及虽然偶然做对了实际上却仍然不明就里的题目。分析的步骤如下：首先，注明考点，找出出错的原因;其次，写下与之有关的可能会考到的知识点，或者写下自己的体会。我们来举个例子，如1999年6月<span word="CET">CET</span>6第78题： <span word="When">When</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trip">trip</span> <span word="guide">guide</span> <span word="calls">calls</span> ___78___ <span word="bright">bright</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="outdoors">outdoors</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="possibe">possibe</span>。四个选项分别是<span word="up">up</span>，<span word="off">off</span>，<span word="on">on</span>，<span word="for">for</span>。本题的正确答案为<span word="for">for</span>。意思是要求，请求。本题的考点是动词与介词的搭配。如果误选了其他项，错误的原因就是没有弄懂<span word="call">call</span> <span word="for">for</span>，<span word="call">call</span> <span word="up">up</span>，<span word="call">call</span> <span word="off">off</span>，<span word="call">call</span> <span word="on">on</span>的区别。四项的意义分别是召唤，取消号召，访问和要求，请求。然后对本题加以引申，列举出<span word="call">call</span>可能的与其他介词的搭配，这样，就完成了一次分析。至于总结，那就更加简单，你可以将题目及其分析按照各自的考点分门别类的抄下来，这就是总结了。 分析与总结是十分重要的。你所分析和总结的东西不仅可以成为以后做题的参考，在复习的最后阶段，还可以作为复习的主要对象。而且，一般说来，对曾经做错的题目分析总结之后，再犯同样的错误的可能性就会大大降低了。 3.六级考试常见词汇辨析小结 下面的一些近意词汇，在平时的练习中是要认真掌握 <span word="administer">administer</span>, <span word="dominate">dominate</span>, <span word="control">control</span>, <span word="rule">rule</span>; <span word="abolish">abolish</span>, <span word="cancel">cancel</span>; <span word="apt">apt</span>, <span word="likely">likely</span>; <span word="beforehand">beforehand</span>, <span word="previously">previously</span>, <span word="ahead">ahead</span>; <span word="flower">flower</span>, <span word="bloom">bloom</span>, <span word="blossom">blossom</span>; <span word="clasp">clasp</span>, <span word="grasp">grasp</span>, <span word="grip">grip</span>, <span word="clutch">clutch</span>; <span word="clothes">clothes</span>, <span word="dress">dress</span>, <span word="cloth">cloth</span>; <span word="disclose">disclose</span>, <span word="expose">expose</span>; <span word="emigrate">emigrate</span>, <span word="immigrate">immigrate</span>; <span word="glare">glare</span>, <span word="gaze">gaze</span>; <span word="illusion">illusion</span>, <span word="delusion">delusion</span>, <span word="induce">induce</span>, <span word="tempt">tempt</span>; <span word="inhabit">inhabit</span>, <span word="live">live</span>; <span word="intervene">intervene</span>, <span word="interfere">interfere</span>; <span word="mute">mute</span>, <span word="dump">dump</span>, <span word="silent">silent</span>, <span word="quiet">quiet</span>, <span word="still">still</span>; <span word="mutter">mutter</span>, <span word="murmur">murmur</span>, <span word="mumble">mumble</span>; <span word="spy">spy</span>, <span word="traitor">traitor</span>; <span word="stairs">stairs</span>, <span word="staircase">staircase</span>; <span word="statesman">statesman</span>, <span word="politician">politician</span> 4.六级考试完型填空常见固定搭配小结 <span word="abide">abide</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="accommodate">accommodate</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="acquaint">acquaint</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="adhere">adhere</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="adjacent">adjacent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="affiliated">affiliated</span> <span word="to">to</span>/<span word="with">with</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="afflicted">afflicted</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="alien">alien</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="alternate">alternate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="amends">amends</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="amplify">amplify</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="apt">apt</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ascribe">ascribe</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="avert">avert</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="commit">commit</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="blunder">blunder</span> <span word="brace">brace</span> <span word="oneself">oneself</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="caution">caution</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="coincide">coincide</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="collaborate">collaborate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="collide">collide</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="compatible">compatible</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="consistent">consistent</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="consolidate">consolidate</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="contend">contend</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="corrode">corrode</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="detach">detach</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="dwell">dwell</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="embody">embody</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="enroll">enroll</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="excel">excel</span> <span word="in">in</span>/<span word="at">at</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="exempt">exempt</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="foremost">foremost</span> <span word="foul">foul</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="gamble">gamble</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="glare">glare</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="grope">grope</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="hinder">hinder</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="haul">haul</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="immune">immune</span> <span word="to">to</span>/<span word="from">from</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="indicative">indicative</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="marvel">marvel</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="merge">merge</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="mingle">mingle</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="nominate">nominate</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="oath">oath</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="prone">prone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rejoice">rejoice</span> <span word="at">at</span>/<span word="to">to</span> <span word="reliance">reliance</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="revolve">revolve</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="snatch">snatch</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="strive">strive</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="susceptible">susceptible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="token">token</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tumble">tumble</span> <span word="down">down</span></p>
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