考研英语的语法速成：代词的指代
<p> 1.<span word="that">that</span>的指代作用</p><p> <span word="that">that</span>指代不可数名词和单数可数名词(如是复数，用<span word="those">those</span>)，后面通常跟有修饰语，如出现在比较结构中的<span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span>。如</p><p> <span word="Conversation">Conversation</span> <span word="calls">calls</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="willingness">willingness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="alternate">alternate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="speaker">speaker</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="listener">listener</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="calls">calls</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="occasional">occasional</span> <span word="digestive">digestive</span> <span word="pauses">pauses</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="both">both</span>.这里<span word="that">that</span>指代前面的<span word="the">the</span> <span word="role">role</span>。</p><p> <span word="No">No</span> <span word="bread">bread</span> <span word="eaten">eaten</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="sweet">sweet</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="earned">earned</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="labor">labor</span>.</p><p> 2.<span word="one">one</span>的指代作用</p><p> <span word="one">one</span>指代带不定冠词的单数可数名词，复数为<span word="ones">ones</span>。<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span>指代带定冠词的单数可数名词。如：</p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="express">express</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="commonplace">commonplace</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="uncommon">uncommon</span> <span word="way">way</span>.</p><p> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="that">that</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="he">he</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="one">one</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="this">this</span></p><p> 答案为[<span word="C">C</span>]</p><p> 3.<span word="do">do</span>的替代作用。</p><p> <span word="do">do</span>代替动词，注意数和时态的变化。如：</p><p> <span word="For">For</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="re">re</span>-<span word="elected">elected</span>, <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="works">works</span> , <span word="but">but</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="does">does</span>.</p><p> </p>
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