考研的语法：不定式和分词作状语的区别
<p> (1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。</p><p> 现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。</p><p> 1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="shutting">shutting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="him">him</span>.</p><p> 他出去后将门随手关上。</p><p> <span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="knowing">knowing</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="help">help</span>.</p><p> 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。</p><p> 2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。</p><p> <span word="Given">Given</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="attention">attention</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trees">trees</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="grown">grown</span> <span word="better">better</span>.</p><p> 如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。</p><p> <span word="Faced">Faced</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="difficulties">difficulties</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="overcome">overcome</span> <span word="them">them</span>.</p><p> 在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。</p><p> 动词不定式和分词作状语的区别</p><p> 1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="roadside">roadside</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plan">plan</span>.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="roadside">roadside</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plan">plan</span>.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。</p>
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