考研语法：不定式的现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
<p> 不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="arrive">arrive</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="London">London</span>.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。</p><p> 2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系</p><p> <span word="Get">Get</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eat">eat</span>.给他拿点儿东西吃。</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>.早上他有很多工作要做。</p><p> 3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pen">pen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="write">write</span> <span word="with">with</span>.我需要一支笔写字。</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="about">about</span>.没有什么值得发愁的。</p><p> 4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、的原因、的时间、的机会、的权利等抽象名词如：</p><p> <span word="ability">ability</span>能力，本领 <span word="drive">drive</span>赶，驾驶 <span word="movement">movement</span>运动，活动</p><p> <span word="ambition">ambition</span>抱负，野心 <span word="effort">effort</span>努力，尝试 <span word="need">need</span>需要，需求</p><p> <span word="campaign">campaign</span>战役，运动 <span word="failure">failure</span>失败，不及格 <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span>机会</p><p> <span word="chance">chance</span>机会 <span word="force">force</span>力，压力，要点 <span word="promise">promise</span>许诺，希望</p><p> <span word="courage">courage</span>勇气 <span word="intention">intention</span>意向，意图 <span word="reason">reason</span>理由，原因</p><p> <span word="decision">decision</span>决定 <span word="method">method</span>方法，方式 <span word="light">light</span>光，光线，亮光</p>
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