考研语法：不定式的动名词和分词作表语的区别
<p> 不定式作表语</p><p> 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="neither">neither</span>.--次做两件事等于未做。</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="once">once</span>.我的建议是立刻开始干。</p><p> 2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="believe">believe</span>.百闻不如一见。</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="earn">earn</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="living">living</span>.工作就是为了生活。</p><p> 3)如果主语是以<span word="aim">aim</span>，<span word="duty">duty</span>，<span word="hope">hope</span>，<span word="idea">idea</span>，<span word="happiness">happiness</span>，<span word="job">job</span>，<span word="plan">plan</span>，<span word="problem">problem</span>，<span word="purpose">purpose</span>，<span word="thing">thing</span>，<span word="wish">wish</span>等为中心的名词，或以<span word="what">what</span>引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="luxurious">luxurious</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="future">future</span>.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="function">function</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Louis">Louis</span> <span word="Sullivans">Sullivans</span> <span word="architecture">architecture</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="uninterrupted">uninterrupted</span> <span word="floor">floor</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="ample">ample</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interior">interior</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="negotiate">negotiate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plant">plant</span>.</p><p> 动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。</p><p> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="serving">serving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span>.我们的工作是为人民服务。</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="hobby">hobby</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="collecting">collecting</span> <span word="stamps">stamps</span>.他的爱好是集邮。</p><p> 动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。</p>
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