2015考研英语词汇复习： “阴”和“阳”
<p> 阴阳学说是中国古代的一种宇宙观和方法论，具有对立统一的内涵。阴阳是对自然界相互关联的某些事物或现象对立双方的概括。阴阳既可以代表两种相互对立的事物或势力，也可以代表同一事物内部所存在的相互对立的两个方面。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="yin">yin</span>-<span word="yang">yang</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="perspective">perspective</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="methodology">methodology</span> <span word="originated">originated</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unity">unity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="opposites">opposites</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="premise">premise</span>. <span word="Yin">Yin</span>-<span word="Yang">Yang</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="generalization">generalization</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="phenomena">phenomena</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="interrelated">interrelated</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="worlds">worlds</span>. <span word="Yin">Yin</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="yang">yang</span> <span word="represent">represent</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="inter">inter</span>-<span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="forces">forces</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="inter">inter</span>-<span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="existing">existing</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="object">object</span>.</p><p> 用阴阳来概括某些事物或现象的对立统一关系必须具备两个条件：对立事物或现象具有相关性和阴阳属性的规定性。</p><p> <span word="Two">Two</span> <span word="requirements">requirements</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unity">unity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="opposites">opposites</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="yin">yin</span>-<span word="yang">yang</span>: <span word="relativity">relativity</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interrelationship">interrelationship</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opposites">opposites</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="property">property</span> <span word="stipulation">stipulation</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rules">rules</span> <span word="defining">defining</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="properties">properties</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Yin">Yin</span>-<span word="Yang">Yang</span>.</p><p> 相关性是指这些事物或现象必须是属于同一统一体中的相互关联的事物或现象，而不是毫不相干的。如水与火乃是自然界中物质存在的不同状态和现象，两者是相互关联而又相互对立的。水性寒而下走，火性热而上炎，故水属阴，火属阳。实际上，阴阳学说中的阴阳，仅是抽象的属性概念，而非指互不相关的具体事物。</p>
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