2015考研英语词汇复习：关于合同中的限定责任
<p> 众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围，常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。</p><p> <span word="and">and</span>/<span word="or">or</span></p><p> 常用 <span word="and">and</span>/<span word="or">or</span> 英译合同中甲和乙+甲或乙的内容，这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。</p><p> 例 9：如果上述货物对船舶和船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负全责。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="shipper">shipper</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="liable">liable</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="damage">damage</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ship">ship</span> <span word="and">and</span>/<span word="or">or</span> <span word="cargo">cargo</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="buard">buard</span>.</p><p> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="between">between</span></p><p> 常用 <span word="by">by</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="between">between</span> 强调合同是由双方签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。</p><p> 例 10：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="Contract">Contract</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Buyer">Buyer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Seller">Seller</span>, <span word="whereby">whereby</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Buyer">Buyer</span> <span word="agrees">agrees</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Seller">Seller</span> <span word="agrees">agrees</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="undermentioned">undermentioned</span> <span word="commodity">commodity</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="stipulated">stipulated</span> <span word="below">below</span>.</p><p> 限定时间</p><p> 英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。</p><p> 用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。</p><p> 例 11;自 9 月 2<span word="O">O</span> 日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。 <span word="Party">Party</span> <span word="Ashall">Ashall</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="unauthorized">unauthorized</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="September">September</span> 20.</p>
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