考研英语词汇词义破解之道
<p> 英语学习过程中，遇到生词怎么办?许多人选择直接翻阅字典。也正是因此，很多考生在考试的时候遇到生词就不知所措，因为考场上不会允许你携带字典进入。所以，在平常的复习中，我们就要养成良好的学习习惯，翻阅字典并没有错，但是在翻阅字典之前，不妨结合前后语境进行推测、判断其词义。</p><p> 利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我们可以灵活运用，综合运用下面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词的障碍，顺利理解文章的思想内容，提高阅读速度。</p><p> 同时，考生们也应该避免以下两种情况：第一，考生往往会随便猜一个选项，错误率很高。第二种情况下，考生往往落入命题专家的陷阱，不知不觉地失了分，原因是考生并没有掌握阅读词汇题的基本命题原则。在阅读部分的词汇题要考的并不是考生认不认识题中所考的单词，否则便是命题失效。此处要考的是考生阅读中的推断能力，也就是说题中所考单词的词义必定能根据上下文推断出来。所以考生在遇到阅读中的词汇题时，一定要冷静，去上下文中细找，推断出词义后，可将词义代入原文看是否通畅。</p><p> 例如2003年第54题：</p><p> <span word="Railroads">Railroads</span> <span word="justify">justify</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="captive">captive</span> <span word="shippers">shippers</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="grounds">grounds</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="run">run</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="reduces">reduces</span> <span word="everyones">everyones</span> <span word="cost">cost</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="railroads">railroads</span> <span word="charged">charged</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="rate">rate</span>， <span word="they">they</span> <span word="argue">argue</span>， <span word="shippers">shippers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="option">option</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="switching">switching</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="trucks">trucks</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="transportation">transportation</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span>， <span word="leaving">leaving</span> <span word="remaining">remaining</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shoulder">shoulder</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="keeping">keeping</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="line">line</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="economists">economists</span> <span word="subscribe">subscribe</span>， <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> <span word="railroads">railroads</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="determining">determining</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="flourish">flourish</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="fail">fail</span>. <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="railroads">railroads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="arbiters">arbiters</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wins">wins</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="loses">loses</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="marketplace">marketplace</span>? <span word="asks">asks</span> <span word="Martin">Martin</span> <span word="Bercovici">Bercovici</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Washington">Washington</span> <span word="lawyer">lawyer</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span> <span word="represents">represents</span> <span word="shippers">shippers</span>.</p>
页:
[1]