2016考研英语：深度解读虚拟语气
<p> 我们知道由<span word="if">if</span> 引导的条件句有两种形式，一种是真实的条件句，也就说是某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是非常高的。例如<span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="intend">intend</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="humor">humor</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="smile">smile</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="identify">identify</span> <span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="experiences">experiences</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>.(2002。<span word="Text">Text</span>1 )(如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和共同的问题。)</p><p> 另一种就非真实条件句，通过虚拟语气来表达。例如<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="caught">caught</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span>.(要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。)在这句话中，假设不堵塞，但是真实情况并不是这样，所以用虚拟语气。一般有6种常见的形式：</p><p> 1)与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中用一般过去时，主句中用<span word="would">would</span>/<span word="could">could</span>/ <span word="should">should</span> 加动词原形，<span word="be">be</span> 动词的过去式为<span word="were">were</span>.</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="examined">examined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="youth">youth</span> <span word="teams">teams</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="feed">feed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Cup">Cup</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="professional">professional</span> <span word="ranks">ranks</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="strange">strange</span> <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="pronounced">pronounced</span>.(2007,<span word="text">text</span> 1 )(查看为世界杯和专业队输送人才的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪的现象更加明显。)</p><p> 2)与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，从句用过去完成时，主句用<span word="would">would</span>/<span word="could">could</span>/<span word="should">should</span> +<span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> .</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="played">played</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="season">season</span>,<span word="however">however</span>,<span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> 42. (2008 <span word="text">text</span>3 )(如果他打了上个赛季，他将只是42个(最高的人)中的一个)</p>
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