英语专四考试语法知识点总结之复合句(2)
<p> 复合句名词性从句</p><p> 一个句子起名词的作用，在句中做主语、宾语/介词宾语、表语、同位语，那么这个句子就是名词性从句。</p><p> 1.<span word="what">what</span>/<span word="whatever">whatever</span>的用法 考生应把握：<span word="what">what</span>是关系代词，它起着引导从句并在从句中担当一个成分这两个作用。如：</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forest">forest</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="matters">matters</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span>.</p><p> <span word="Water">Water</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="todaynext">todaynext</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="oxygen">oxygen</span>.</p><p> 2.<span word="whoever">whoever</span>和<span word="whomever">whomever</span>的区别</p><p> <span word="whoever">whoever</span>和<span word="whomever">whomever</span>相当于<span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="who">who</span>，用主格与宾格取决于其在从句中做主语还是做宾语。如：</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="vacant">vacant</span> <span word="seats">seats</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="whoever">whoever</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="first">first</span>.</p><p> 3.有关同位语从句的问题</p><p> 引导词通常为<span word="that">that</span>, 但有时因名词内容的需要，也可由<span word="whether">whether</span>及连接副词<span word="why">why</span>, <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="how">how</span>引导。<span word="that">that</span>不表示任何意义，其他词表示时间、地点、原因等。如： <span word="The">The</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="education">education</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>, <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="untouched">untouched</span>.</p><p> 同位语从句有时与先行词隔开，注意识别。如：</p><p> <span word="Evidence">Evidence</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="speech">speech</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="recognized">recognized</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="babies">babies</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="as">as</span> 6 <span word="months">months</span> <span word="old">old</span>.</p><p> 4.<span word="whether">whether</span>与<span word="if">if</span>在引导名词性从句时的区别</p><p> 主语从句只能用<span word="whether">whether</span>引导;</p>
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