英语专业四级考试近义词辨析（3）
<p> 在学习专业英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分;语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。</p><p> 1.错误</p><p> (误会) <span word="mistake">mistake</span>: <span word="A">A</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>, <span word="act">act</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="carelessness">carelessness</span>. <span word="Anyone">Anyone</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span>.</p><p> (过错 弱点) <span word="fault">fault</span>: <span word="A">A</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="point">point</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="kind">kind</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="character">character</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="fault">fault</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lacks">lacks</span> <span word="ambition">ambition</span>.</p><p> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="fault">fault</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sb">sb</span> / <span word="at">at</span> <span word="fault">fault</span></p><p> <span word="shortcoming">shortcoming</span>: <span word="weakness">weakness</span>, <span word="failing">failing</span> ; <span word="It">It</span> <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="failures">failures</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="deficiencies">deficiencies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="people">people</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="spite">spite</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="shortcomings">shortcomings</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="shes">shes</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="school">school</span>.</p><p> (疏忽) <span word="error">error</span>: <span word="A">A</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span> (<span word="formal">formal</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="literary">literary</span>) <span word="It">It</span> <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="deviation">deviation</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="model">model</span></p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="accident">accident</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="error">error</span>.</p><p> (缺点 毛病) <span word="defect">defect</span>: <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="lacking">lacking</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="imperfect">imperfect</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="quality">quality</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="radio">radio</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="returned">returned</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="defect">defect</span>.</p><p> (失误 过失) <span word="blunder">blunder</span>: <span word="A">A</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="stupid">stupid</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="unnecessary">unnecessary</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="ignorance">ignorance</span>.</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fatal">fatal</span> <span word="blunder">blunder</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p>
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