大学英语六级考试语法精要(七)
<p> 1. 常考的几种倒装结构</p><p> 1) 当表示否定或基本否定的词或词组位于句首作状语时用倒装。这类词或词组常用的有：<span word="never">never</span>, <span word="nowhere">nowhere</span>, <span word="seldom">seldom</span>, <span word="rarely">rarely</span>, <span word="little">little</span>, <span word="hardly">hardly</span>, <span word="scarcely">scarcely</span>, <span word="barely">barely</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="until">until</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="means">means</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="under">under</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="circumstances">circumstances</span>, <span word="under">under</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="condition">condition</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="way">way</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="case">case</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="account">account</span>等。</p><p> <span word="Never">Never</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="before">before</span>.</p><p> <span word="Nowhere">Nowhere</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="watch">watch</span>.</p><p> <span word="Under">Under</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="circumstance">circumstance</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="cheat">cheat</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="exam">exam</span>.</p><p> <span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="Churchill">Churchill</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="statesman">statesman</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="poet">poet</span>.</p><p> <span word="Note">Note</span>: 当 <span word="no">no</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span><span word="than">than</span>和<span word="hardly">hardly</span>/<span word="scarcely">scarcely</span><span word="when">when</span>/<span word="before">before</span>位于句首时用倒装。该结构表示一就，在时态上主句一般用过去完成时，<span word="when">when</span>或<span word="than">than</span>引导的从句用一般过去时。</p><p> <span word="Hardly">Hardly</span>/<span word="Scarcely">Scarcely</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="when">when</span>/<span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bell">bell</span> <span word="rang">rang</span>.</p><p> <span word="No">No</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="performance">performance</span> <span word="begun">begun</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lights">lights</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="out">out</span>.</p><p> 2) 当<span word="here">here</span>, <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="then">then</span>, <span word="thus">thus</span>, <span word="only">only</span>, <span word="hence">hence</span>, <span word="little">little</span>等副词位于句首，句中主、谓用倒装。</p><p> <span word="Here">Here</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>.</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bell">bell</span>.</p><p> <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="off">off</span>.</p><p> <span word="Thus">Thus</span> <span word="arose">arose</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="division">division</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>.</p><p> </p>
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