英语六级语法精要定语从句
<p> 英语六级语法精要：定语从句</p><p> 定语从句</p><p> 限制和非限制性定语从句: 限制性定语从句是名词词组不可缺少的一个组成部分, 去掉了会造成病句或意义不明确; 非限制性定语从句属于补充说明性质, 去掉了不会影响主要意义, 通常用逗号与它的先行词分开.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boys">boys</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="disappointed">disappointed</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="rained">rained</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boys">boys</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="football">football</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="disappointed">disappointed</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="rained">rained</span>.</p><p> 如果定语从句的先行词是专有名词, 或是带有形容词性物主代词或形容词性指示代词作限定词, 其后的定语从句通常都是非限制性的:</p><p> <span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="Smith">Smith</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="corner">corner</span>, <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="you">you</span>.</p><p> <span word="Her">Her</span> <span word="mother">mother</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="suffered">suffered</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="arthritis">arthritis</span>, <span word="died">died</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>.</p><p> <span word="All">All</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="books">books</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="donated">donated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="visiting">visiting</span> <span word="professors">professors</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="postgraduates">postgraduates</span>.</p><p> 在非限制性定语从句中只能用<span word="who">who</span>/<span word="whom">whom</span>指人, 用<span word="which">which</span>指物,通常不用<span word="that">that</span>替代.</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="father">father</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="returned">returned</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>.</p><p> <span word="All">All</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="books">books</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="pictures">pictures</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="girl">girl</span>.</p><p> 定语从句的引导词</p><p> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span>: 非限制性定语从句, 如果修饰人, 一般用<span word="who">who</span>, 有时用<span word="that">that</span> . 如果关系代词在从句中作宾语, 就应当用宾格 <span word="whom">whom</span> 或<span word="that">that</span>, 但在大多数情况下都可以省略掉, 在口语中可用<span word="who">who</span>代替<span word="whom">whom</span>.</p>
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