下半年大学英语六级考试语法及词汇精选（4）
<p> 虚拟</p><p> 在虚拟语气中，除了记住一套与时态相对应的规范用法之外，以下几点也是不容忽视的</p><p> <span word="l">l</span> 、名词性从句中要用过去时或 <span word="should">should</span>+ 动词原型构成虚拟语气。如： <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="home">home</span> .</p><p> 2 、 <span word="would">would</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> ， <span word="had">had</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> 后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。如： <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="her">her</span> .我 宁愿你 跟她走。只有当 <span word="would">would</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> 后面动作的主体与前面主语一致时才可以用不带 <span word="to">to</span> 的动词不定式，如： <span word="I">I</span><span word="d">d</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span> .在这个句子中， <span word="rather">rather</span> 后面的主语为 <span word="I">I</span> ，和前面的主语一致，所以用的不是过去式，而是不带 <span word="to">to</span> 的动词不定式。</p><p> 3 、在 <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> / <span word="suggested">suggested</span> / <span word="necessary">necessary</span> / <span word="proposed">proposed</span> 等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气表示应该做什么事情，即用动词原形或 <span word="should">should</span>+ 动词原型，如： <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="yoube">yoube</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="time">time</span> .再如：</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="utmost">utmost</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> _______<span word="here">here</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="time">time</span> .</p><p> <span word="A">A</span> . <span word="be">be</span> <span word="B">B</span> . <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="C">C</span> . <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="D">D</span> . <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span></p><p> 这个知识点是上文中的第三点，显然答案是 <span word="A">A</span> ，其中的 <span word="should">should</span> 被省略了。类似的可以引起主语从句为虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词还有 <span word="appropriate">appropriate</span>, <span word="advisable">advisable</span> ， <span word="better">better</span> ， <span word="imperative">imperative</span> ， <span word="insistent">insistent</span>, <span word="natural">natural</span> ， <span word="preferable">preferable</span>, <span word="strange">strange</span>, <span word="urgent">urgent</span>, <span word="vital">vital</span>, <span word="desirable">desirable</span> ， <span word="demanded">demanded</span> ， <span word="recommended">recommended</span>, <span word="required">required</span> 等。</p>
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