英语六级语法指导主谓一致
<p> 主谓一致是指：</p><p> 1) 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。</p><p> 2) 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。</p><p> 3) 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，</p><p> 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="thermos">thermos</span>.</p><p> 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。</p><p> <span word="Ten">Ten</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="tons">tons</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="coal">coal</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="produced">produced</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>.</p><p> 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数</p><p> <span word="Reading">Reading</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="important">important</span>.</p><p> 注意： 当主语由<span word="and">and</span>连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，<span word="and">and</span> 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="iron">iron</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="steel">steel</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p><p> 典型例题</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="secretary">secretary</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span> ___ <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="speech">speech</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="is">is</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="was">was</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="are">are</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="were">were</span></p><p> 答案<span word="B">B</span>. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除<span word="A">A</span>.，<span word="C">C</span>.。本题易误选<span word="D">D</span>，因为<span word="The">The</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="secretary">secretary</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span> 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， <span word="monitor">monitor</span> 前没有<span word="the">the</span>，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用<span word="and">and</span> 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选<span word="B">B</span>。</p>
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