2015英语六级翻译指导及练习(13)
<p> 应试技巧</p><p> 句法结构分析</p><p> 考生有时会出现这样的疑问：句子需填补部分的英文单词都会写，可是一把这些单词凑到一块儿就丢分。这是为什么?这是因为考生没有注意分析句子的语法结构，不能判别句子需填补部分在全句中所起的语法功能。准确翻译离不开句法分析，句法分析包括辨别词性和句子成分。</p><p> 1)辨别词性。由于一个汉语对应英语词可能同时具备名词、形容词、动词等多种词性，在汉译英时一定注意这一点。不仅要看到这个单词在句中是什么词性，还要看到与这个单词相联系的表达在句中作什么成分。</p><p> 例1 <span word="All">All</span> <span word="men">men</span> __________.</p><p> 译文: <span word="are">are</span> <span word="born">born</span> <span word="equal">equal</span></p><p> 例2 <span word="Jane">Jane</span> <span word="has">has</span> ____________.</p><p> 译文: <span word="no">no</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="skiing">skiing</span></p><p> 例3 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span> ___________<span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="experience">experience</span>.</p><p> 译文: <span word="equals">equals</span> <span word="Professor">Professor</span> <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="qualifications">qualifications</span></p><p> 例4 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="naughty">naughty</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> __________.</p><p> 译文: <span word="jumped">jumped</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stairs">stairs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="leg">leg</span></p><p> 例5 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="is">is</span> ___________.</p><p> 译文: <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="him">him</span></p><p> 例6 <span word="That">That</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="lady">lady</span> _________________</p><p> 译文: <span word="left">left</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="feelings">feelings</span></p><p> 2)辨别句子成分。同一词语在句中所作的成分不同，意义也不同。翻译时应根据上下文和全句意思来作出判断，再确定如何组织英语语言。请大家试着用<span word="as">as</span>来完成下列三句汉译英练习，并分析它们在句中作什么成分。</p>
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